| ALP-45DP | |
|---|---|
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| AMT ALP-45DP at Parc Station in Montreal. | |
| Power type | Dual-mode electro-diesel |
| Builder | Bombardier Transportation |
| Order number | NJT: 26+9[1][2] AMT: 20[1] |
| Build date | 2010-12[citation needed] |
| AAR wheel arr. | B-B |
| UIC classification | Bo'Bo' |
| Gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) |
| Wheel diameter | 1.118 to 1.046 m (3 ft 8.0 in to 3 ft 5.2 in) new/worn |
| Minimum curve | 91m |
| Wheelbase | bogie 2.800 m (9 ft 2.2 in) bogie centres 13.250 m (43.47 ft) |
| Length | 21.800 m (71.52 ft) over couplers |
| Width | 2.950 m (9 ft 8.1 in) |
| Height | 4.400 m (14.44 ft) |
| Axle load | 32.65 t (32.13 long tons; 35.99 short tons) max |
| Locomotive weight | 130.6 t (128.5 long tons; 144.0 short tons) |
| Fuel type | Diesel |
| Fuel capacity | 6,056 l (1,332 imp gal; 1,600 US gal)*, 6,813 l (1,499 imp gal; 1,800 US gal)† |
| Power supply | Catenary |
| Electric system(s) | NJT: 25 kV 60 Hz, 12.5 kV 60 Hz, 12kV 25 Hz AMT: 25 kV 60 Hz |
| Current collection method |
pantograph |
| Prime mover | 2x Caterpillar 3512C HD diesel engines,[3] 7.1 t (7.0 long tons; 7.8 short tons), 1,567 kW (2,101 hp) each, 3,108 kW (4,168 hp) at shaft.[4] |
| Engine RPM range | 600-1800 |
| Engine type | V12 |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged |
| Displacement | 58.6 l (12.9 imp gal; 15.5 US gal)[5] |
| Alternator | 2x MITRAC TG 3800A, 1700 kVA [6] |
| Traction motors | 4x MITRAC DR 3700F, 1,300 kW (1,700 hp) each [7][note 1] |
| Head end power | 1100 kVA, 1,000 kW (1,300 hp), 3 phase, 3 x 480 V AC 60 Hz[9][10] |
| Transmission | AC-DC-AC |
| Multiple working | Yes, up to 2 units.[11][note 2] |
| Top speed | Diesel mode: 161 km/h (100 mph)* / 105 km/h (65 mph)† Electric mode: 201 km/h (125 mph)* / 129 km/h (80 mph)† |
| Power output | Continuous electric at rail: 5,360 hp (4,000 kW)[13] Max electric at rail: 5,900 hp (4,400 kW)[14] Max diesel at rail: 3,600 hp (2,700 kW)[13] (no HEP) |
| Tractive effort | 316 kN (71,000 lbf) starting 270 kN (61,000 lbf) continuous electric @55 km/h (34 mph)[15] 290 kN (65,000 lbf) continuous diesel @30 km/h (19 mph)[15] |
| Factor of adhesion |
4.056 |
| Train heating | Locomotive supplied HEP |
| Locomotive brake | Regenerative/Dynamic, WABCO Electro-pneumatic. Mechanical: hollow shaft mounted disc brakes,[7] plus tread brakes[16] |
| Locomotive brakeforce |
electric regenerative 4,000 kW (5,400 hp) electric dynamic 1,300 kW (1,700 hp) maximum electric brake effort 150 kN (34,000 lbf) |
| Train brakes | Pneumatic |
| Career | NJ Transit AMT |
| Number | NJT: 4500-4534[17] AMT: 1350-1369[17] |
| First run | NJT: May 30th, 2012[18] |
| Notes | |
| Sources :[19][20] except where noted * NJT locos, † AMT locos |
|
The ALP-45DP is a type of single cab dual-mode locomotive being built by Bombardier Transportation for use by New Jersey Transit and Agence métropolitaine de transport.
Contents |
Operators [edit]
New Jersey Transit [edit]
In 2008 New Jersey Transit placed an €178 million order for 26 electro-diesel locomotives from Bombardier,[1] part of capital investment program including acquisition of 329 Bombardier Multi Level Coaches, 27 ALP-46A electric locomotives, dual power multiple units and over 1300 buses.[21] Funding for an additional ten units ($78.8 million) was approved in July 2010, as part of NJ Transit's 2011 capital budget.[2][22][23] The order has since been lowered by one for a total of 35 locomotives.[24][dubious ]
The first of the NJT locomotives was displayed at Innotrans in 2010.[25]
The locomotives are expected to be used on the Raritan Valley Line, (changing to electric power on the Northeast Corridor Line), and the North Jersey Coast Line.[26] Use on the 'Trans-Hudson Tunnel' (see ARC Tunnel) was also planned, prior to the cancelling of the scheme.[27][21] The units are currently being used on the Morristown Line, and the Montclair-Boonton Line.[citation needed]
They are numbered 4500 upwards.[17]
The first locomotive was officially unveiled at Newark Penn Station on May 11, 2011.[27]
Unit 4506 was the first to enter revenue service on Montclair-Boonton Line train 1006 on May 30, 2012.[18]
Agence métropolitaine de transport [edit]
In 2008 Montreal's Agence métropolitaine de transport (AMT) ordered 20 locomotives (with an option for 10 more), the order value was €152 million. The locomotives are for use on the Repentigny-Mascouche Line (AMT) to Montreal Central Station via the 25 kV AC electrified Mount Royal Tunnel.[1]
They are to be numbered 1350-1369.[17]
AMT 1350 arrived in Montreal on June 9, 2011, after being shipped to Newark and then moving north to its new home.[28]
Design [edit]
The ALP-45DP is an electro-diesel locomotive design derived from Bombardier's ALP-46 and TRAXX locomotives.[29][note 3] Design requirements included mass less than 288,000 lb (131,000 kg), length less than 75 ft, and emissions within EPA limits;[21] the challenge of fitting both diesel plant and electric transformer within the same carbody and weight limits led to the choice of two high-speed twelve cylinder Caterpillar 3512HD rated at 2,100 hp (1.6 MW) each.[21] Each engine system is independent including a separate 3,400 l (750 imp gal; 900 US gal) fuel tank,[note 4] allowing the locomotive to operate on one engine in case of failure, or under low load. The engines are capable of shorter startup times from idle to load (100 rpm/s) than traditional medium speed diesel engines.[30] To achieve mass balance and distribution within the locomotive, the engines are situated on either side of the transformer, which is located in the center of the locomotive.[25] The engines were manufactured at Lafayette, Indiana, USA.[31]
Under diesel power each diesel engine powers a MITRAC TG 3800A alternator, (output of 1700kVA @ 1800rpm)[7] Power output is reduced from 6700 hp (including HEP) in electric mode to 4200 hp in diesel mode,[21] under diesel power the same tractive effort curve is maintained up to around 30 km/h (19 mph) (assuming ~2.2MW available for traction).[32]
The pantograph is of TransTech design.[33] The ABB supplied main transformer has four secondary taps, switchable to supply 1360V under all electrification supplies. There are two main converters, (type MITRAC TC 3360 DP.[34]) one per bogie, which convert the single phase input to a 2800V intermediate DC link using IGBT based rectifiers. Each DC link powers two traction converters, with each traction inverter powering a separate traction motor.[35][36] The locomotives uses four 1,300 kW (1,700 hp) MITRAC DR 3700 F,[note 1] fully suspended, bogie mounted traction drives, to reduce unsprung mass,[37][38][33]
In addition to taps for the traction inverters the locomotive transformer provides a 1100 kVA and a 140 kVA supply for head end power and locomotive auxiliary power.[36]. Two partially redundant auxiliary inverters are incorporated into the two main converter units.[35][39] Under normal operation one provides a 3 phase, 480 V 60 Hz 1100 kVA supply for head end power, while the other provides several 3 phase variable voltage, variable frequency supply (up to 480V 60 Hz) for the traction motor fans, transformer fans, and inverter cooling circuit motors.[39] In the event of a converter failure, it is possible to route all supply through a single converter, ensuring redundancy and margin of error operations. [40]
Because the pantograph is not dropped until the diesels have been started during electric to diesel mode change, and the diesels are not shut off until contact with the wire has been made by the pantograph in diesel to electric mode change, HEP is maintained when switching modes. The change over takes approximately 100 seconds in either direction.[33]
The braking system uses Wabtec's Fastbrake control system; there are two disc brakes per axle, as well as wheel tread brakes.[41] The mechanical parts of the brake system were supplied by Faiveley Transport.[42] Compressed air supply is charged through a Knorr screw compressor with a capacity of 3400 lmin−1 at 10 bar pressure,[43] stored two 480 liter air reservoirs.[41] The dynamic and regenerative braking system operates under all three NJT electrical systems.[7]
The locomotives are within Amtrak's A-05-1355 structure gauge, and meets CFR and AAR crashworthiness standards.[33] The diesel engines meet Tier 3 EPA emission standards, and work is being done to enable an upgrade to Tier 4 standards, which take effect in 2015.[44] Total length is 21.8m; approximately 2m longer than the ALP-46A.[25]
The bodyshells of the locomotive were constructed at Bombardier's Wroclaw site, bogies at Siegen, alternators from its Hennigsdorf factoy; the locomotives were assembled at Kassel.[45]
| ALP-45DP at Innotrans 2010 | ||||||||||||
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Notes [edit]
- ^ a b Each traction motor drive unit consists of a MITRAC TM 3700F air cooled, three phase asynchronous motor, with a MITRAC GB 3700 helical spur gear and hollow shaft drive.[8]
- ^ Multiple working in dual mode with locomotives of the same class. NJT: Electric mode also with ALP-46, and ALP-44. Diesel mode with NJT PL 42 AC and GP 40.[12]
- ^ "ALP" refers to "American Locomotive Passenger"; "4" indicates the number of axles; "5" refers to the power class, ~5MW; "DP" indicates dual power.[26]
- ^ As a result of NJT regulations regarding tunnel operations, the individual fuel tank capacity is limited to 400 US gal (1,500 l; 330 imp gal) with four tanks in total.[17]
References [edit]
- ^ a b c d "Bombardier to supply electro-diesel locos". Railway Gazette International. 19 August 2008. "The locomotives will be a dual-mode diesel and AC overhead electric evolution of the ALP-46 electric design in service with NJ Transit since 2002"
- ^ a b "NJ Transit approves FY2011 spending". Railway Gazette International. 19 July 2010. "An order for 100 additional double-deck commuter cars, valued at up to $293·5m, and 10 dual-mode locomotives costing $78·8m, was approved on July 15 by New Jersey Transit, exercising options on existing orders with Bombardier."
- ^ Brugger et al. 2000, p. 561.
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, pp. 53, 56.
- ^ "3512C HD Petroleum Engine", Cat Oil and Gas Specification sheet for 3512C HD engine from CAT
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 56, "diesels".
- ^ a b c d Pernička & Kuchta 2010, pp. 56.
- ^ Canetta & Bikle 2010, Drive Unit, pp.13-14.
- ^ Brugger et al. 2000, p. 561-2.
- ^ Vitins 2011, Table 1.
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 56, quote : Operation in multiple is possible - two locomotives being the maximum, and this is also feasible when the locomotives are operating in pushpull mode. It is also possible for ALP-45DPs to run in multiple with ALP-46(A) and other existing NJT (and AMT) vehicles..
- ^ NJ Transit ALP45DP Project Status (2009), Train Interoperability : Summarization (slide 17)
- ^ a b NJ Transit ALP45DP Project Status (2009), Major characterisitics (slide 5)
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 55..For a limited time a maximum power of 4,400 kW can be delivered
- ^ a b Brugger et al. 2000, p. 562.
- ^ Canetta & Bikle 2010, Bogie, p.6.
- ^ a b c d e Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 58.
- ^ a b Vantuono, William (30 May 2012), "NJT’s ALP-45DP enters revenue service", Railway Age
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, "Principal Technical Data", p.53
- ^ Canetta & Bikle 2010.
- ^ a b c d e Vantuono 2008, p. 18.
- ^ NJ TRANSIT ORDERS MODERN RAIL AND BUS EQUIPMENT, NJ Transit, 14 July 2010
- ^ "NJ Transit approves capital, operating budgets", www.businessweek.com, 14 July 2010
- ^ DUAL POWER LOCOMOTIVE PROCUREMENT, NJ Transit
- ^ a b c "ALP-45DP electro-diesel locomotive debut". Railway Gazette International. 23 September 2010. "With an overall length of 21·8 m, the dual-mode loco is around 2 m longer than the electric version. Careful design of the internal layout and has helped to keep weight of the four-axle loco to 130 tonnes. ... It has a pair of Caterpillar 3512C engines rated at 2 100 hp arranged symmetrically around the transformer and converter pack to balance the weight."
- ^ a b Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 52.
- ^ a b "New Jersey Transit unveils first ALP-45 loco", www.railwaygazette.com, 16 May 2011
- ^ "AMT electro-diesel arrives in Montréal". Railway Gazette International. June 16, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2011. "Montréal commuter rail authority Agence Métropolitaine de Transport took delivery of its first Bombardier-built ALP-45 electro-diesel locomotives on June 9. [...] Built at Kassel in Germany, the locomotive was shipped from Hamburg to Newark, New Jersey, and moved to Montréal under its own power"
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 54, ALP-45DP Design Concept.
- ^ Canetta & Bikle 2010, p. 4.
- ^ Pernička, Kuchta & 2010 pp.53, 56.
- ^ Brugger et al. 2000, p. 562, ALP-45DP und ALP-46A Leistungen am Rad.
- ^ a b c d Vantuono 2011, p. 29.
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 54, "electrical equipment".
- ^ a b Pernička & Kuchta 2010, "traction converter".
- ^ a b Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 55, "transformer".
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 56, "traction motor".
- ^ Vantuono 2008, p. 18, quote : .. to reduce unsprung mass by suspending the traction motors on the trucks, not the axles (like the ALP-46 and newer ALP-46A).
- ^ a b Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 56, "auxiliary".
- ^ Canetta & Bikle 2010, p. 7-8.
- ^ a b Canetta & Bikle 2010, p. 8, Brake
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 56, "braking".
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, p. 56, "compressed air".
- ^ Vitins 2011, pp. 5, also 9, quote: "..Caterpillar 3512HD high speed engines were chosen for the diesel mode. ... they meet Tier3 exhaust emission standards. A solution is now being prepared to meet Tier4".
- ^ Pernička & Kuchta 2010, pp. 56, 58.
Sources [edit]
- Pernička, Jaromír; Kuchta, Tomáš (2010), "Electro-Diesels For New Jersey And Montreal", Railvolution (M-Presse plus s.r.o.) (6/10): 52–58
- Brugger, P.; Schwendt, L.; Spillman, M.; Vitins, J. (2000), "Die Zweikraft-Lokomotive ALP-45DP – eine Innovation für den amerikanischen Markt", Eisenbahn-Revue (11): 560–563
- NJ Transit ALP45DP Project Status, NJ Transit, March 2009, archived from the original on 25 July 2011
- North America - Passenger - Dual-Powered Locomotive, Bombardier
- Vantuono, William C. (Aug 2008), "NJT, AMT ready for dual power locomotives", Railway Age: 18, HTML text link via findarticles.com
- Vantuono, William C. (June 2011), "ALP-45DP: Two locomotives in one", Railway Age: 28–29, HTML link via www.raiwayage.com
- Vitins, Janis (October 28, 2011), DUAL MODE AND NEW DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE DEVELOPMENTS, retrieved June 26, 2012
- Canetta, Diego; Bikle, Urs (July 2010), "ECO4 SUPERIOR PRODUCTS: DUAL POWERED LOCOMOTIVES ALP-45DP FOR THE NORTH AMERICAN RAILWAYS", 12th World Conference on Transport Research (Lisbon)
External links [edit]
- Allenbach, Jean-Marc (November 11, 2009). "Fiche documentaire BoBo NJT ALP 45-DP" (in French). Retrieved June 11, 2011.
- "NJT ALP-45 Dual Power", www.railcolor.net
- "AMT 13xx Dual Power", www.railcolor.net
- Images, video
- ALP45 pictures by bengst, ALP-45DP Unvieled at Innotrans 2010
- NJT "New Jersey Transit EXCLUSIVE: ALP-45DP 4504 Changing Modes at Montclair University and Departing", www.youtube.com
- "Video showing the transportation of the locomotive from Kassel, the final assembly site, to Hamburg harbour, 9:42", www.deutschebahn.com
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![NJT Main Line: Suffern Bound Train in Paterson, NJ (RR Crossing) [ALP45DP]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/k8i8UES0AC8/default.jpg)
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