| Stable release | 0.9.0 / April 24, 2012 |
|---|---|
| Development status | Active |
| Written in | Java |
| Operating system | Cross-platform |
| License | Apache License 2.0 |
| Website | hive.apache.org |
Apache Hive is a data warehouse infrastructure built on top of Hadoop for providing data summarization, query, and analysis.[1] While initially developed by Facebook, Apache Hive is now used and developed by other companies such as Netflix.[2][3] Amazon maintains a software fork of Apache Hive that is included in Amazon Elastic MapReduce on Amazon Web Services.[4]
Contents |
Features [edit]
Apache Hive supports analysis of large datasets stored in Hadoop-compatible file systems such as Amazon S3 filesystem. It provides an SQL-like language called HiveQL while maintaining full support for map/reduce. To accelerate queries, it provides indexes, including bitmap indexes.[5]
By default, Hive stores metadata in an embedded Apache Derby database, and other client/server databases like MySQL can optionally be used.[6]
Currently, there are three file formats supported in Hive, which are TEXTFILE, SEQUENCEFILE and RCFILE.[7][8]
Other features of Hive[9] include:
- Indexing to provide acceleration.
- Different storage types such as plain text, RCFiles, HBase, and others.
- Metadata storage in an RDBMS, significantly reducing the time to perform semantic checks during query execution.
- Operating on compressed data stored into Hadoop ecosystem.
- Built-in user defined functions (UDFs) to manipulate dates, strings, and other data-mining tools. Hive supports extending the UDF set to handle use-cases not supported by built-in functions.
- SQL-like queries (Hive QL), which are implicitly converted into map-reduce jobs.
HiveQL [edit]
While based on SQL, HiveQL does not strictly follow the full SQL-92 standard. HiveQL offers extensions not in SQL, including multitable inserts and create table as select, but only offers basic support for indexes. Also, HiveQL lacks support for transactions and materialized views, and only limited subquery support.[10][11]
Internally, a compiler translates HiveQL statements into a directed acyclic graph of MapReduce jobs, which are submitted to Hadoop for execution.[12]
See also [edit]
References [edit]
- ^ Venner, Jason (2009). Pro Hadoop. Apress. ISBN 978-1-4302-1942-2.
- ^ Use Case Study of Hive/Hadoop
- ^ OSCON Data 2011, Adrian Cockcroft, "Data Flow at Netflix" on YouTube
- ^ Amazon Elastic MapReduce Developer Guide
- ^ Working with Students to Improve Indexing in Apache Hive
- ^ Lam, Chuck (2010). Hadoop in Action. Manning Publications. ISBN 1-935182-19-6.
- ^ Facebook's Petabyte Scale Data Warehouse using Hive and Hadoop
- ^ Yongqiang He, Rubao Lee, Yin Huai, Zheng Shao, Namit Jain, Xiaodong Zhang and Zhiwei Xu. "RCFile: A Fast and Space-efficient Data Placement Structure in MapReduce-based Warehouse Systems" (PDF).
- ^ Hive – The next generation data warehouse
- ^ White, Tom (2010). Hadoop: The Definitive Guide. O'Reilly Media. ISBN 978-1-4493-8973-4.
- ^ Hive Language Manual
- ^ Hive A Warehousing Solution Over a MapReduce Framework
External links [edit]
- Official website
- Hive A Warehousing Solution Over a MapReduce Framework - Original paper presented by Facebook at VLDB 2009
- Using Apache Hive With Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Part 1) and Part 2 on YouTube, presented by an AWS Engineer
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