| Calamba City Lungsod ng Kalamba |
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| — Component City — | ||
| City of Calamba | ||
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| Nickname(s): Resort Capital of the Philippines | ||
| Motto: Premier City of Growth, of Leisure and of National Pride | ||
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 Calamba City
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| Coordinates: 14°13′N 121°10′E / 14.217°N 121.167°ECoordinates: 14°13′N 121°10′E / 14.217°N 121.167°E | ||
| Country | Philippines | |
| Region | CALABARZON (Region IV-A) | |
| Province | Laguna | |
| District | 2nd District of Laguna | |
| Incorporated | August 28, 1742 (town) | |
| Incorporated | April 21, 2001 (city) | |
| Barangays | 54 | |
| Government[1] | ||
| • Mayor | Justin Marc S.B. Chipeco (2013-present) (Nacionalista Party) |
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| • Vice Mayor | Roseller H. Rizal (2013-present) (Nacionalista Party) |
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| Area[2] | ||
| • Total | 149.50 km2 (57.72 sq mi) | |
| Population (2010)[3] | ||
| • Total | 389,377 | |
| • Density | 2,600/km2 (6,700/sq mi) | |
| Demonym | Calambeño | |
| Time zone | PST (UTC+8) | |
| ZIP code | 4027 4028 - Canlubang 4029 - Camp Vicente Lim (Mayapa) |
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| Dialing code | 49 | |
| Income Class | 1st Class | |
| Classification | Component City | |
| Website | www.calambacity.gov.ph | |
Calamba (NSCB: 043405000), officially known as City of Calamba is a component city located in Laguna, Philippines. It is the regional center of the CALABARZON region. Situated 54 kilometres (34 mi) south of Manila, the city is known as the Resort Capital of the Philippines. The city is a tourist destination with its hot spring resorts, most of which are located in Barangay Pansol and Barangay Bucal.
According to the latest census, the city has a population of 389,377, making it the largest local government unit in Laguna. It is also the 4th densest city in the province with more than 2,600 people per square kilometer after Biñan, Cabuyao and Santa Rosa.
Calamba City was declared the regional center of the CALABARZON region by former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo by virtue of Executive Order No. 246, dated October 28, 2003.[4]
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Etymology [edit]
The name of the city comes from a legend that during the early time of the Spanish period in the country, two "guardias civil" or soldiers were lost and passing through what is now Calamba. The soldiers met a young lady who came from a river carrying a jar of water and a wooden stove. The soldiers unwittingly in Spanish language and in authoritative tone, to conceal the fact that they were lost, asked the local maiden the name of the place they were in. The lady, who speaks only her native language, naturally thought she was being interrogated about what she was carrying and nervously uttered "kalan-banga", meaning "clay stove" (kalan) and "water jar" (banga).[5] Because the Spaniards could not pronounce it properly, the town has been called Calamba supposedly since then. This legend is immortalized with a large concrete water jar erected in the city plaza with the names of the city's barangays written on its surface. It is considered the "World's Biggest Claypot".[6] This same jar is also found in the city's seal. The plaza was proposed by Dr. Agapito Alzona, then the town councilor to utilize the waste area where the old town market relocated from. The resolution was approved by the then town mayor Roman Lazaro and added additional P5,000 for the fence to the original P15,000 construction cost. It was completed in 1939.
History [edit]
The oldest part of Calamba is believed to be Barangay Sucol where its first settlers remained. With the arrival of Spaniards, the whole area was converted into a hacienda, then a part of Tabuco (now known as Cabuyao City). Calamba became an independent pueblo on August 28, 1742, and formed into the town of Calamba in 1770. In 1813, Calamba was placed in the hands of “encargados” by the Dominican Brothers, who divided into portions and sold the haciendas to the natives during the American regime.[5][7]
During the Japanese occupation in World War II, the city was the theater of a massacre during which the Imperial Japanese Army killed at least 2,000 civilians.[8] The St. John the Baptist Church, established in 1859, was burned by the Japanese during World War II. It was reconstructed by Fr. Eliseo Dimaculangan. It was the christening site of José Rizal. The original baptismal font has been preserved and refurbished.
Cityhood [edit]
After a process of more than seven years, Calamba became the second component city of the Laguna by virtue of Republic Act No. 9024, “An Act Converting the Municipality of Calamba, Province of Laguna into a Component City to be known as the City of Calamba.” R.A. 9024 was signed into law by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on March 5, 2001, at the Malacañan Palace. The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) then set the plebiscite for Calamba’s cityhood on April 21, 2001 where 15,056 residents participated. 3,413 or 22.67% voted “No” while the remaining 77.33% voted “Yes” to Calamba’s conversion into a component city.[citation needed]
Geography [edit]
Calamba lies on the northern slopes of Mount Makiling, a dormant volcano. The southern terminus of the South Luzon Expressway is in Calamba and this geographic position makes the city a gateway to the southern provinces of Luzon. The highway at the end of the South Luzon Expressway leads east to the other towns of Laguna and south towards the provinces of Batangas and Quezon.
Calamba City is bordered by Cabuyao City to the north, Los Baños to the east, by the province of Batangas to the south, specifically the municipalities of Santo Tomas, Tanauan City and Talisay, and by the province of Cavite to the west, with Tagaytay City and Silang. Laguna de Bay the country's largest lake, forms the city's northwest border. The provincial capital, Santa Cruz, is located 45 kilometres (28 mi) by road to the east.
Calamba covers a total land area of 14,950 hectares (36,900 acres),[2] making it is the 2nd largest city in Laguna province in terms of land area after San Pablo City.
Barangays [edit]
Calamba City is politically subdivided into 57 barangays, though 2 are unofficial and 1 is actually part of the largest barangay in the city.
(Majada Loob-adjacent to Majada Labas, map not updated)
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Note: Barangays with * is part of Poblacion |
Canlubang [edit]
Barangay Canlubang is the biggest barangay in population and by land area in the city. It is composed of several sitios, some of the sitios that can be found are: Happy Valley, Asia I, Asia II, Buntog,Matang-Tubig,Balagbag-Araw,Bangyas, Mangumit, Ceris I, Manfil, Palao, MCDC, Kapayapaan, Locomotive etc. It is part of Canlubang, an area of western Laguna which spans also of Biñan City, Santa Rosa City, and Cabuyao City where industrialization is taking its toll. It is the only barangay in Laguna that hosts a patron saint for itself, St. Joseph the Worker, while the neighboring barangays are under the jurisdiction of Mary Help of Christians parish located at Brgy. Mayapa. Canlubang is also the site of many industrial parks, notably the Carmelray Industrial Parks I and II.
Demographics [edit]
| Population census of Calamba City | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1995 | 218,951 | — |
| 2000 | 281,146 | 5.13% |
| 2007 | 360,281 | 3.61% |
| 2010 | 389,377 | 2.62% |
According to the 2010 census, Calamba has a population of 389,377 inhabitants, making it the most populated town in Laguna province, followed by San Pedro, Santa Rosa City, Biñan City, and San Pablo City. Calamba City is the 24th most populated city in the Philippines.
Religions [edit]
Calamba is predominantly Roman Catholic (89.72%), followed by Protestants (3.43%), Iglesia Ni Cristo (3.14%), and Islam (0.26%).[5]
Economy [edit]
Calamba City is known today as the "Richest City in CALABARZON" as it registered a total income of 1,952,122,303.[9] Calamba City is also the 15th richest city in the Philippines.
There are many manufacturing and economic plants located in the city, especially in the Crossing area in Barangay Uno, and Barangays Real and Parian. Manufacturing plants are located in other locations in the city such as Allegis IT Park (Brgy. Tulo); Calamba Premiere International Park (Brgy. Batino, Barandal and Prinza); Carmelray Industrial Park I (Canlubang); Carmelray Industrial Park II (Brgy. Punta & Tulo); Carmelray International Business Park (Canlubang); Filinvest Technology Park (Brgy. Punta, Burol & Bubuyan); Light Industry and Science Park II (Brgy. Real & La Mesa); Light Industry and Science Park (Brgy.Real & La Mesa); and YTMI Realty Special Economic Zone (Brgy. Makiling).
Shopping Centers [edit]
Notable shopping centers in Calamba include SM City Calamba, Liana's Discount Center Calamba, Walter Mart Calamba, Walter Mart Makiling, SM Savemore, Puregold Halang, Puregold Calamba Crossing and iMall Canlubang among others.
Landmarks [edit]
- Rizal Shrine: This is located at Calamba City Proper. Beside the St. John the Baptist Church, it is where José Rizal, the Philippines' national hero, lived before he was executed in Rizal Park.
- Calamba Rizal Park/The Plaza: This public park in Barangay Real commemorates Jose Rizal. Erected on a 7 hectares (17 acres) land at Calamba City Hall Complex, the monument is 22 feet (6.7 m) tall, with the number symbolizing the 22 languages and dialects used by Rizal. It sits on top of a 15-step podium, symbolizing one decade since Rizal was born. It is the tallest Jose Rizal Monument in the World.[10] The monument was inaugurated by President Benigno Aquino III in preparation for the National Hero's sesquicentennial birth anniversary on June 19.
- Banga/Pot of Calamba: Banga is a large pot that symbolizes the name of Calamba City. The name of Calamba City derived from the two words, "kalan" and "banga". The barangays in Calamba was inscripted around the pot. This pot is also known as Calambanga.
- St. John the Baptist Church: Established in 1859, it was burned by the Japanese during World War II. It was reconstructed by Fr. Eliseo Dimaculangan. It was the christening site of José Rizal. The original baptismal font has been preserved and refurbished.
City government [edit]
The 2013 local elections in Calamba City, held on May 13, 2013, replaced some members of the city government, including the mayor, vice-mayor and some members of the council.
- Mayor: Justin Marc SB. Chipeco (Nacionalista Party)
- Vice Mayor: Roseller H. Rizal (Nacionalista Party)
- Association of Barangay Chairmen President: TBD
- Sangguniang Kabataan Federation President: TBD
- City councilors:
- Edgardo Catindig (Nacionalista)
- Ruth Mariano-Hernandez (Nacionalista)
- Moises Morales (Nacionalista)
- Peewee Perez (PDP-Laban)
- Lian Pecho Aldabe (Nacionalista)
- Christian Nino Lajara (PDP-Laban)
- Luis Vergel Baroro (Nacionalista)
- Gigi Alcasid (PDP-Laban)
- Jose Morel Manaig (Nacionalista)
- Santiago Atienza (Nacionalista)
Official Calamba City Seal [edit]
Calamba City has a golden edge etched at the upper half with the words Lungsod ng Calamba depicting Calamba City as a Philippine component city. Laguna at the bottom part means that Calamba City is still part of Laguna province. The year 1742 mentions the year when Calamba was founded and seceded from the town of Cabuyao, while 2001 was identified as the year of Calamba's cityhood.
The inner part of the seal shows a golden jar with the face of Dr. Jose Rizal, the city's prominent figure and the national hero. Beneath the jar is Mount Makiling, a dominant mountain near the city that can be seen anywhere in Calamba. At the left part of Makiling shows palm trees symbolizing nature, while at right shows buildings symbolizing Calamba City's rapid modernization, urbanization, and industrialization. With both signs located beside each other, it shows everyone that nature and progress can efficiently coexist in Calamba City. Lastly, the water beneath Mt. Makiling shows that Calamba City touches a body of water notably Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country, and that's why Calamba City is also known as the "City by the Lake".
List of mayors of Calamba [edit]
The former mayors and political leaders of Calamba are:[7]
- Mateo Elejorde (1901–1904)
- Isidoro Cailles (1904–1907)
- Ramon Santos (1907–1910)
- Rafael Pabalan (1910–1917)
- Roman D. Lazaro (1919–1922/1931-1934) (1937-1941/1945-1946)
- Felipe Belarmino (1922–1931)
- Eduardo A. Barretto (1934–1937)
- Enrique G. Shinyo (1942)
- Artemio M. Alepao (1943)
- Exequiel Geneciran (1944–1945)
- Severino Q. Arambulo (1946-1947/1956-1959) (1968–1971)
- Sisenando V. Rizal Sr. (1948-1951/1952-1954)
- Pantaleon Alihan (1954–1955)
- Taciano V. Rizal (1960-1963/1964-1967) (1972–1975)
- Eduardo T. Yu Jr. (1975–1980)
- Salvador E. Delmo (1980–1986)
- Apolonio A. Elazegui (1986–1987)
- Victoriano Chipeco (1987-1988)
- Jesus Miguel Yulo (1987–1994)
- Severino J. Lajara (1994–2004)
- Joaquin Chipeco Jr. (2004–2013)
- Justin Marc SB. Chipeco (2013–present)
Infrastructure [edit]
Transportation [edit]
Tricycles, buses, jeepneys, and boats are popular modes of transportation in Calamba.
Road Systems [edit]
Existing [edit]
- South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) - Calamba City has five interchanges and three overpasses that cross or branch from the SLEX. Going southward from Metro Manila, the hierarchy of the said interchanges and overpasses are: Silangan Interchange or Exit 45 which takes you to Canlubang and Mapagong; Mapagong Overpass which crosses the area of SLEX close to the Calamba Tollway; Canlubang-Mayapa Interchange or Exit 47 that takes you to the National Highway in Parian and adjacent barangays Mayapa, Canlubang, and Paciano Rizal; Batino Overpass which crosses Batino; Batino Exit or Exit 49 wherein anyone can go to cities of Tagaytay and Tanauan and neighboring barangays Barandal, Batino, Prinza, Turbina, Lawa, Punta, and Bubuyan; Calamba Interchange or Exit 50 in which motorists can go to Batangas, Quezon province, Bicol region, Los Baños, Bay, San Pablo City, Santa Cruz, Pagsanjan, and Siniloan. The SLEX extension is already connected to STAR Tollway in Santo Tomas, Batangas.
- Maharlika Highway (Daang Maharlika) - accessible if entered Exit 50 or Batangas Exit of SLEX. It passes through barangays Turbina, Tulo, and Makiling in Laguna, and continues through Batangas and ends at Lipa City. Along Maharlika Highway are numerous factories, warehouses, and other industrial sites that can be found in Calamba City, Laguna, and Sto. Tomas, Batangas.
- Manila South Road (Old National Highway) - it starts from Alabang in Muntinlupa City and ends at Pagsanjan, Laguna. The construction of the SLEX loosened the traffic along the National Highway. Its jurisdiction in Calamba City starts at barangay Banlic and ends at barangay Bagong Kalsada. Recently, the National Highway underwent renovations and reconstructions to improve the driving quality. This section of Old National Highway is also part of the Maharlika Highway system (AH26 AH26).
- Chipeco Avenue and Extension - it starts at Padre Burgos Avenue in Barangay III, Calamba City and ends along the railroad tracks at barangay Real. It courses through barangays III, Lecheria, Halang, and Real, thus it crosses the National Highway. Calamba City Hall and Department of Education Building are located adjacent to Chipeco Avenue Extension.
- Calamba-Tagaytay Road - the major road going to Tagaytay City in Cavite. It starts from the Manila South Road junction in Barangay Parian going to Tagaytay. It bypasses suburban barangays in Calamba City.
- Calamba-Sta. Cruz-Famy Road - the major road of the eastern part of the city, it starts at Crossing and ends in the town proper of Famy, Laguna. Recently there had been numerous projects on widening this mostly four-lane provincial road that connects the western and eastern parts of the province. It bypasses Calamba City, Los Baños, Bay, Calauan, Victoria, Pila, Sta. Cruz, Pagsanjan, Lumban, Kalayaan, Paete, Pakil, Pangil, Siniloan, and Famy.
- Mayapa-Canlubang Cadre Road - the major road to Canlubang. It starts from the junction in Manila South Road at Checkpoint, Barangay Paciano passing Barangay Mayapa going to Canlubang.[11]
Proposed [edit]
- Calamba-Los Baños Expressway - a proposed expressway that will start at SLEX Extension (Calamba Exit) traverses along Laguna de Bay and ends up connecting a national road at Bay, Laguna. The construction of the four-lane 15.5-kilometre-long (9.6 mi) expressway will cost an estimated PHP5.9 billion or US$131.11 million.[12] When constructed, it is expected to ease the traffic in the Calamba-Los Baños area, particularly along National Road.
- Laguna de Bay Flood Control Dike Expressway - also known as the C-6 Extension. A proposed expressway that will start from the coastal area of Laguna de Bay from Taguig, the province of Rizal to Calamba and Los Baños. The construction of the four-lane 43.6-kilometre-long (27.1 mi) expressway will cost an estimated PHP18.59 billion or US$413 million.[12] When constructed, it is expected to ease traffic congestion along Muntinlupa and Calamba area. It will also serve as flood control facility in the Laguna de Bay coastal area.
Health care [edit]
There are 9 private and 1 government-run hospitals in Calamba.[citation needed] Some of the health centers in the city are the Calamba Medical Center, Calamba Doctors Hospital, Pamana Golden Care Hospital, St. John the Baptist Hospital, San Jose Hospital and Trauma Center, St. Marks Hospital and Medical Cente, Holy Angel General Hospital, CH Garcia Medical and Diagnostic Center, Dr. Jose Rizal Memorial Hospital, and Jose Yulo Foundation Canlubang Industrial Hospital.
Education [edit]
Calamba has a literacy rate of 98.9%. As of 2007, there are 120 elementary schools, 51 of which are public and 69 private. There are 50 secondary schools, 16 public and 34 private. Post-secondary education include 17 universities and colleges, and 9 technical and vocational schools.[5]
Schools located in Calamba include the City College of Calamba, Calamba Bayside National High School (Lingga Rural NHS), Punta National High School, Laguna College of Business and Arts, Calamba Institute, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, and Lyceum of the Philippines University- Laguna.
Notable people [edit]
- José Rizal, nationalist and reformist
- Paciano Rizal, military general and revolutionary, and the older brother of José Rizal
- Vicente Lim, World War II general
- Ronnie Alcano, professional pool player
- Chris Sanji, actor, matinee idol
International relations [edit]
Twin towns — Sister cities [edit]
Makati City, Philippines
Litoměřice, Czech Republic
Walnut, California, USA
Wilhelmsfeld, Germany
Guri, South Korea- Geumcheon-gu, South Korea
References [edit]
- ^ "Municipalities". Quezon City, Philippines: Department of the Interior and Local Government. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
- ^ a b "Province: LAGUNA". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
- ^ "Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay". 2010 Census of Population and Housing. National Statistics Office. May 1, 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
- ^ "Executive Order No. 246, s. 2003". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
- ^ a b c d "City profile". About the City. Official Website of the City of Calamba. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
- ^ "Calamba City’s Giant Claypot". Going Around Asia. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
- ^ a b "Political History". City Government. Official Website of the City of Calamba. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
- ^ Jintaro Ishida, The Remains of War, 2001, p.238, citing the Barangay Real Memorial.
- ^ "COA 2011 AAR"
- ^ Jose Rizal's Tallest Monument
- ^ "DPWH Road Data | Laguna 2nd". Department of Public Works and Highways Website. DPWH. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
- ^ a b Rogelio L. Singson (18 November 2010). "PPP Road Projects". Public Private Partnership Center. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
External links [edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Calamba City |
- The Official Website of Calamba City
- Calamba City Business Directory Website
- Official Website of the Tourism Department of Calamba City
- Philippine Standard Geographic Code
- 1995 Philippine Census Information
- 2000 Philippine Census Information
- 2007 Philippine Census Information (1)
- 2007 Philippine Census Information (2)
- Local Governance Performance Management System
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Cabuyao City | Laguna de Bay | |
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