Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C10H22 with 75 structural isomers.[3] These isomers are flammable liquids. Decane is a component of gasoline (petrol). Like other alkanes, it is nonpolar and does not dissolve in polar liquids, such as water. It has a surface tension of 0.0238 N·m−1.[4]
| Decane | |
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Decane[1] |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 124-18-5  |
| PubChem | 15600 |
| ChemSpider | 14840 |
| EC number | 204-686-4 |
| UN number | 2247 |
| DrugBank | DB02826 |
| MeSH | decane |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:41808 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL134537 |
| RTECS number | HD6550000 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1696981 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C10H22 |
| Molar mass | 142.28 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like |
| Density | 730 mg mL−1 |
| Melting point |
-30--29 °C, 242.7-243.9 K, -23--21 °F |
| Boiling point |
174-174 °C, 446.9-447.5 K, 345-346 °F |
| log P | 5.802 |
| Vapor pressure | 195 Pa[2] |
| kH | 2.1 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.411–1.412 |
| Viscosity | 920 μPa s (at 20 °C) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−302.1–−299.9 kJ mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcH |
−6779.21–−6777.45 kJ mol−1 |
| Standard molar entropy S |
425.89 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity, C | 315.46 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | hazard.com |
| GHS pictograms |   |
| GHS signal word | DANGER |
| GHS hazard statements | H226, H304 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P301+310, P331 |
| EU classification |  Xn |
| R-phrases | R10, R65 |
| NFPA 704 |
 2
1
0
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| Flash point | 46.0 °C |
| Autoignition temperature |
210.0 °C |
| Explosive limits | 0.8–2.6% |
| LD50 |
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| Related compounds | |
| Related alkanes | |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C10H22 with 75 structural isomers.[3] These isomers are flammable liquids. Decane is a component of gasoline (petrol). Like other alkanes, it is nonpolar and does not dissolve in polar liquids, such as water. It has a surface tension of 0.0238 N·m−1.[4]
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Reactions[edit]
Decane undergoes combustion reactions in a similar fashion to other alkanes. In the presence of excess oxygen, decane burns to form water and carbon dioxide.
When not enough oxygen is present for complete combustion, decane burns to form water and carbon monoxide.
- 2C10H22 + 21O2 → 20CO + 22H2O
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "decane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
- ^ Yaws, Carl L. (1999). Chemical Properties Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 159–179. ISBN 0-07-073401-1.
- ^ The 75 Isomers of Decane
- ^ Website of Krüss (8.10.2009)
External links[edit]
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