Derry City Council

Derry City
Coat of Arms and Logo
Geography
Area - Total	Ranked 18th of 26 387 km²
Admin HQ	Derry
ISO 3166-2	GB-DRY
ONS code	95A
Demographics
Population - Total (2010) - Density	Ranked 3rd 109,800 283 / km²
Community	Catholic: 74.8% Protestant: 22.3%
Politics
Control	No overall control SDLP: 14 Sinn Féin: 10 DUP: 5 UUP: 1
MLAs	Foyle SDLP: 3 Sinn Féin: 2 DUP: 1
MPs	Mark Durkan (SDLP)
Meeting place
The Guildhall, Derry
Website
http://www.derrycity.gov.uk

Derry City Council (Irish: Comhairle Cathrach Dhoire; Ulster-Scots: Derry Cittie Cooncil)^[1] is the local government authority for the city of Derry in Northern Ireland. The Council provides services to an estimated population of 107,877 making it the third largest district council in Northern Ireland by population.

The Council is made up of 30 councillors, elected every four years from five electoral areas and holds its meetings in The Guildhall. The Mayor for the 2013-2014 term is Martin Reilly of the SDLP, while Gary Middleton of the DUP serves as Deputy Mayor.

History[edit]

The Council took its present name in 1984. It was known as Londonderry City Council from 1973 until 1984, and before that Londonderry County Borough (covering the city of Derry) and Londonderry Rural District (covering the rural area around Derry, roughly corresponding to the Barony of Tirkeeran). Between 1969 and 1973 both were administered by the unelected Londonderry Development Commission with the aim of creating a "new town".^{[citation needed]}

Coat of arms and motto[edit]

Derry's coat of arms

The devices on the city's arms are a skeleton and a three-towered castle on a black field, with the chief or top third of the shield depicting the arms of the City of London: a red cross and sword on white. In the centre of the cross is a gold harp. The blazon of the arms is as follows:

Sable, a human skeleton Or seated upon a mossy stone proper and in dexter chief a castle triple towered argent on a chief also argent a cross gules thereon a harp or and in the first quarter a sword erect gules^[2]

According to documents in the College of Arms in London and the Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland in Dublin, the arms of the city were confirmed in 1613 by Daniel Molyneux, Ulster King of Arms.^[3] The College of Arms document states that the original arms of the City of Derry were ye picture of death (or a skeleton) on a moissy stone & in ye dexter point a castle and that upon grant of a charter of incorporation and the renaming of the city as Londonderry in that year the first mayor had requested the addition of a "chief of London".^[4][5]

Theories have been advanced as to the meaning of the "old" arms of Derry, before the addition of the chief bearing the arms of the City of London:

• A suggestion has been made that the castle is related to an early 14th-century castle in nearby Greencastle belonging to the Anglo-Norman Earl of Ulster Richard de Burgh.^[3]
• The most popular theory about the skeleton is that it is that of a Norman De Burgh knight who was starved to death in the castle dungeons in 1332 on the orders of his cousin the above mentioned Earl of Ulster.^[3] Another explanation put forward was that it depicted Cahir O'Doherty (Sir Charles O'Dogherty), who was put to death after Derry was invested by the English army in 1608. During the days of Gerrymandering and discrimination against the Catholic population of Derry, Derry's Roman Catholics often used to claim in dark wit that the skeleton was a local waiting for help from the council bureaucracy.^[3]

In 1979, Londonderry City Council, as it was then known, commissioned a report into the city's arms and insignia, as part of the design process for an heraldic badge. The published report found that there was no basis for any of the popular explanations for the skeleton and that it was "purely symbolic and does not refer to any identifiable person".^[6]

The 1613 records of the arms depicted a harp in the centre of the cross, but this was omitted from later depictions of the city arms, and in the Letters Patent confirming the arms to Londonderry Corporation in 1952.^[7] In 2002 Derry City Council applied to the College of Arms to have the harp restored to the city arms, and Garter and Norroy & Ulster Kings of Arms accepted the 17th century evidence, issuing letters patent to that effect in 2003.^[2]

The motto attached to the coat of arms reads in Latin, "Vita, Veritas, Victoria". This translates into English as, "Life, Truth, Victory".^[3]

Mayor[edit]

The 'Mayor of Derry' is an honorary position bestowed upon a Citizen of Derry, who is in practice a member of Derry City Council, chosen by his or her peers on the Council to serve a one-year term. The current Mayor is Martin Reilly of the SDLP, while Gary Middleton of the DUP is Deputy Mayor.

The post has a long history. A provost was appointed in the initial city charter of 1604. In 1613, this post was replaced with that of mayor, with John Rowley being the first to serve.^[8] The City charter of 1665 which provided:

During much of its history, it has been held by Unionists (largely due to the practice of gerrymandering),^[10] but in recent years, the majority of mayors have been nationalists, reflecting the make-up of the city's current population. In the 1990s the post was alternated between nationalist and unionist councillors regardless of the size of the vote of either side.

From 1921 until 1969, the Mayor was automatically entitled to a seat in the Senate of Northern Ireland.

Political makeup[edit]

Since 1973 elections to Derry City Council have been conducted under the single transferable vote system, and are normally held every four years. Elections take place in five electoral areas, the boundaries of which were changed for the 1985 local elections, when the number of councillors was increased from 27 to its current figure of 30.

The last elections to Derry City Council were held on 5 May 2011, with the City's voters electing thirty councillors across five electoral areas. The election resulted in all four parties returning the same number of seats they had won in the 2005 elections, with the SDLP remaining the largest party, only two seats short of overall control of the Council.^[11] The results are summarised below:

^†Unionist parties fought the 1973 elections in an electoral pact, as United Loyalists. Of the 9 councillors elected under this label, 5 contested the 1977 elections for the UUP, 1 for the DUP, 1 for the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party, 1 as a Loyalist, while one councillor did not stand again.^[12]

Local politics[edit]

Council Headquarters, Strand Road, Derry

Prior to 1969, elections to the Londonderry county borough council were based on block voting. The electoral wards had been drawn and redrawn to ensure a unionist majority on the council even though more voters supported nationalist and republican parties.^[13] With local government reorganisation in 1973, the old county borough was merged with the surrounding Londonderry Rural District to form the new local government district of Londonderry. In addition, a system of STV was introduced which has resulted in a majority of councillors from nationalist and republican parties being elected, with the SDLP consistently being the largest party. Curiously, in 1973 (although not in later years) this was despite the fact that unionists (who had an electoral pact in that year) and the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland won a majority of votes between them. This was in part because the strong nationalist majority within the old county borough area was diluted by the narrow unionist majority within the surrounding rural district.^{[citation needed]}

The Derry/Londonderry name dispute affected the council, notably in 1984 when it decided to rename itself from 'Londonderry City Council' to 'Derry City Council'; this was purely a name change and its powers remained that of a district council. At the same time^{[citation needed]} it changed the name of the municipally-owned airport from 'Londonderry Eglinton Airport' to 'City of Derry Airport'. At that time it did not seek to change the name of the city from 'Londonderry' in its charter. The name change led to a temporary unionist boycott of the council which was broken by two UUP councillors, Jim Guy and David Davis. They were expelled from their party for this but successfully contested the subsequent elections as Independent Unionists. Unionists also called for the establishment of a separate "Waterside" council covering the East Bank and rural areas, but this was rejected by the Local Government Boundary Commission in 1991.^{[citation needed]} In 1993, David Davis lost his seat with the result that there were no unionist councillors from the West Bank, and in 2005 for the first time, no unionist stood for election in the West Bank.

The Derry City Council area is largely coterminous with both the Foyle UK Parliament constituency (first used in 1983) and the Foyle Northern Ireland Assembly Constituency (first used 1996). The MP is Mark Durkan, who was first elected in 2005 most recently returned in the 2010 General Election. He is also a former leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) (2001–10) and was an MLA for the constituency from 1998 to 2010. In the 2011 election, the constituency's voters returned 3 SDLP, 2 Sinn Féin and 1 DUP members of the Northern Ireland Assembly.

Boundary changes for the 2010 Parliamentary elections transferred two wards in the east of the district from the Foyle constituency to the East Londonderry constituency, whose current MP is the DUP's Gregory Campbell.^[14]

Shadow Council[edit]

Derry formerly had a Shadow Council for young people, from about 1999 to 2008. This was made up from 16–22 year olds elected from geographical areas in the city, as well as interest, political groups and also GLBT community groups. The Shadow Council worked in cooperation with Derry City Council and selected a "Junior Mayor" as its representative to the media and public.^[15]

See also[edit]

• Derry
• Mayor of Derry
• Derry Urban Area
• Local Councils in Northern Ireland
• Northern Ireland Assembly

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Derry City Council
• Local government election results 1993–2005, *1985–89, 1973–81

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Coordinates: 55°00′00″N 7°19′59″W / 55.000°N 7.333°W / 55.000; -7.333