Havre, Montana

Havre, Montana
—  City  —
The Havre railroad station - the sculpture is "U.S. – Canada Friendship"
Location of Havre, Montana
Coordinates: 48°33′N 109°41′W / 48.550°N 109.683°W / 48.550; -109.683Coordinates: 48°33′N 109°41′W / 48.550°N 109.683°W / 48.550; -109.683
Country	United States
State	Montana
County	Hill
Area[1]
• Total	3.28 sq mi (8.50 km2)
• Land	3.28 sq mi (8.50 km2)
• Water	0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation	2,536 ft (773 m)
Population (2010)[2]
• Total	9,310
• Estimate (2011[3])	9,600
• Density	2,838.4/sq mi (1,095.9/km2)
Time zone	Mountain (MST) (UTC-7)
• Summer (DST)	MDT (UTC-6)
ZIP code	59501
Area code(s)	406
FIPS code	30-35050
GNIS feature ID	0772203

Havre (pron.: /ˈhævər/ HAV-ər) (Assiniboine: Bahásaba ^[4]) is a city in, and the county seat of, Hill County, Montana, United States.^[5] It is said to be named after the city of Le Havre in France.^[6][7] The population was 9,310 at the 2010 census.

History [edit]

Located in north central Montana, Havre was incorporated in 1893. It was founded primarily to serve as a major railroad service center for the Great Northern Railway (built by James J. Hill) with its location midway between Seattle and Minneapolis-St. Paul. A statue of Hill stands near the Havre Amtrak station to commemorate the key contributions his railroad has made to Havre's and Montana's history.

Originally named Bullhook Bottoms, the town met in a series of meetings to determine a new name. The original settlers were given the final decision, and due to a strong French influence, the town was renamed Havre.^[7]

Simon Pepin (1840–1914), the "Father of Havre," was a typical Montana entrepreneur. Born in Quebec, Canada, he emigrated to Montana in 1863, and became a contractor furnishing supplies for the construction of forts Custer, Assiniboine, and Maginnis. Pepin purchased ranch lands near Fort Assiniboine. When James J. Hill built the Great Northern Railway across northern Montana, Pepin convinced him to build his locomotive shops at Havre, on property owned by Pepin. In the ensuing years, Pepin was a major contributor to Havre's economic growth through his cattle, real estate, and banking enterprises.^[8]

Havre is the eighth-largest city in Montana, and the largest city in the Montana section of the Hi-Line. With the nearest major city, Great Falls, about 120 miles (190 km) to the south, Havre serves as a medical and business center for the Montana section of the Hi-Line. U.S. Highway 87 has its northern terminus at Havre. U.S. Highway 2, running east-west, is the city's main street. The largest employers are Northern Montana Hospital, Montana State University – Northern, and the BNSF Railway. Throughout much of the twentieth century, BNSF was the most prominent employer in the city, but the company scaled back its workforce in Havre in the 1990s. The Milk River (tributary of the Missouri River) runs through the town, and the Bear's Paw Mountains can be seen to the south.

Small grids of purple colored squares can be seen in some of the sidewalks in the downtown area (on the north side of the city). These are skylights for a sort of underground "mall" built in the city at least a hundred years ago. Throughout its history, this underground area has been host to a brothel, a Chinese laundromat, a saloon, a drugstore, at least three opium dens, and rooms used for smuggling alcohol during Prohibition. When fire destroyed Havre's business district in 1904, legitimate above-ground businesses joined the illicit businesses operating in the underground while the new brick buildings were built in the streets above. The underground area, now designated "Havre Beneath the Streets", currently operates as a small tourist attraction.^[9]

The Wahkpa Chu'gn buffalo jump, or bison kill, is located behind the Holiday Village Shopping Center near the northwest corner of Havre. Over 2,000 years old, it is one of the largest and best preserved buffalo jumps anywhere. In prehistoric times, Native Americans would drive bison over the edge of the cliff, killing or severely injuring the animals. Afterwards, the Native Americans skinned the animals and preserved the meat. The buffalo jump is now an archaeological site and a small tourist attraction.

The buffalo jump is located at the southern edge of the Havre Badlands, a badlands formation that runs alongside the Milk River to the west of the city. Small fossils, including seashells and petrified wood, can be found in the limestone sediment in this area.

Six miles southwest of Havre is Fort Assinniboine, which served as one of Montana's principal military posts from 1879 through the Prohibition era. The fort was one of many used by the United States to protect against potential attacks from Native Americans and to block incursions from Canada. At its peak, the fort housed and employed 489 soldiers in 104 buildings.

Also near Havre is the Bear's Paw Battlefield site of the Battle of Bear Paw, where the Nez Perce were attacked and defeated by the U.S. Cavalry. Chief Joseph surrendered to the Cavalry and making a famous speech ending with the line, "From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever."

Geography [edit]

Havre is located at 48°33′N 109°41′W / 48.550°N 109.683°W / 48.550; -109.683 (48.5454, -109.6775).^[10]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.28 square miles (8.50 km²), all of it land.^[1]

Climate [edit]

Havre experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) with long, cold, dry winters and hot summers.

Demographics [edit]

2010 census [edit]

As of the census^[2] of 2010, there were 9,310 people, 3,900 households, and 2,293 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,838.4 inhabitants per square mile (1,095.9 /km²). There were 4,285 housing units at an average density of 1,306.4 per square mile (504.4 /km²). The racial makeup of the city was 81.6% White, 0.4% African American, 13.0% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, and 4.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.5% of the population.

There were 3,900 households out of which 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.3% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.2% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 12% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the city was 33.9 years. 25.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.5% were from 25 to 44; 25.2% were from 45 to 64; and 13.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.8% male and 50.2% female.

2000 census [edit]

As of the census^[15] of 2000, there were 9,621 people, 4,015 households, and 2,449 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,778.2 people per square mile (1,073.6/km²). There were 4,400 housing units at an average density of 1,270.6 per square mile (491.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 87.08% White, 0.11% African American, 9.01% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.51% from other races, and 2.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.48% of the population.

There were 4,015 households out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.7% under the age of 18, 13.6% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,944, and the median income for a family was $38,870. Males had a median income of $30,401 versus $19,189 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,847. About 14.8% of families and 17.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.0% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.

Havre is the only city near which one can tunnel to the other side of the world from the United States and be on land.^[16]

Local media [edit]

Radio

• KOJM AM 610 (Oldies)
• KNMC FM 90.1 (College Radio)
• KPQX FM 92.5 (Country)
• KXEI FM 95.1 (Christian)
• KRYK FM 101.3 (Adult Contemporary)

Television

Stations available from the Great Falls market:

• KRTV Ch. 3 (CBS)
• KBGF Ch. 50 (NBC)
• KUGF Ch. 21 (PBS)
• KFBB Ch. 5 (ABC)

Satellite television providers are available to the entire area, and cable service comes from Cablevision.

Newspapers

The Havre Daily News serves the entire region. Its circulation is 4,000 papers daily, published Monday through Friday. It has a full online edition by subscription, as well as a free website and a Facebook page. The Great Falls Tribune is also available.

Education [edit]

The city is served by Havre Public Schools,^[17] which operates Havre High School, S.U.N.S. Alternative High School, Havre Middle School, and three elementary schools.

Higher education is provided at the Montana State University-Northern campus.

Points of interest [edit]

• LORAN-C transmitter Havre
• Big Bud 747, the world's largest farm tractor
• Too Close For Comfort Site, a Buffalo jump archaeological site, open to visitors

Notable people [edit]

Remarks by FDR on a balanced budget on 1937 visit to Havre

• Jeff Ament, bassist for Pearl Jam
• T.V. Buttrey, Academic and numismatist
• Jeff Doyle, Major League Baseball player
• Brian G. Gilmartin, behavioral scientist who developed the theory of "love-shyness"
• Marc Mariani, current NFL football player
• Jill McLain, Miss Montana USA 2006
• Karl Ohs, former Lieutenant Governor of Montana
• Rob Ryan, Major League Baseball player
• Rick Rydell – radio talk show host and outdoors author
• Brian Schweitzer, incumbent Governor of Montana
• Stan Stephens, Governor of Montana 1989–1993
• Jon Tester, incumbent U.S. Senator
• Mike Tilleman, former NFL football player

See also [edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Havre, Montana

• Fort Assinniboine
• Rocky Boys Indian Reservation
• Havre Daily News
• Great Falls Tribune
• Havre Amtrak train station
• Montana State University – Northern

References [edit]

External links [edit]

• City of Havre Montana
• Havre Chamber of Commerce
• History of Havre on the Web
• Wahkpa Chu'gn Bison Kill
• The Havre Daily News
• Montana State University Northern
• State of Montana's Havre Profile

v t e Municipalities and communities of Hill County, Montana, United States County seat: Havre City Havre Town Hingham CDPs Agency Azure Beaver Creek Box Elder Gildford Havre North Herron Inverness Kremlin Parker School‡ Rocky Boy West‡ Rocky Boy's Agency Rudyard Saddle Butte St. Pierre Sangrey West Havre Unincorporated community Laredo Indian reservation Rocky Boy Indian Reservation‡ Footnotes ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties

v t e  State of Montana Helena (capital) Topics Index Bibliography History Governors People Geography State Government Delegations Visitor Attractions Society Crime Demographics Economy Education Politics Regions The Flathead Glacier National Park Regional designations of Montana Western Montana Yellowstone Largest cities Anaconda Belgrade Billings Bozeman Butte Glendive Great Falls Havre Helena Kalispell Laurel Lewistown Livingston Miles City Missoula Sidney Whitefish Counties Beaverhead Big Horn Blaine Broadwater Carbon Carter Cascade Chouteau Custer Daniels Dawson Deer Lodge Fallon Fergus Flathead Gallatin Garfield Glacier Golden Valley Granite Hill Jefferson Judith Basin Lake Lewis and Clark Liberty Lincoln Madison McCone Meagher Mineral Missoula Musselshell Park Petroleum Phillips Pondera Powder River Powell Prairie Ravalli Richland Roosevelt Rosebud Sanders Sheridan Silver Bow Stillwater Sweet Grass Teton Toole Treasure Valley Wheatland Wibaux Yellowstone