Polish public roads are grouped into categories related to administrative division. Motorways and expressways in Poland are part of national roads network. Poland has 412,264 km (256,170 mi) of public roads, of which 131,863 km (81,940 mi) are unsurfaced (2011):[1]
- National roads: 18,801 km (11,680 mi), 1.9 km (1 mi) unsurfaced
- Voivodeship roads: 28,476 km (17,690 mi), 63.2 km (39 mi) unsufraced
- Powiat roads: 127,743 km (79,380 mi), 11,379 km (7,070 mi) unsurfaced
- Gmina roads: 237,244 km (147,420 mi), 120,419 km (74,820 mi) unsurfaced
As of December 2012, there are 1,342 kilometres (830 mi) of motorways[2] (autostrady, singular - autostrada) and 1,106 km (690 mi) of expressways[2] (drogi ekspresowe, singular - droga ekspresowa).
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List of Polish motorways and expressways [edit]
Motorways in Poland are identified by the letter A, followed by a number (e.g. A1). Under current plans, by 2015 three motorways will span the country, two along the East-West axis (A2, A4) and one along the North-South axis (A1). In addition, three shorter motorway stretches (A6, A8, A18) are planned. The only complete motorway stretch is A8. All others are currently under construction, in various stages of completion.
Expressways in Poland are limited-access roads which can be dual or single carriageways. As of November 2012 there are 1,119.5 km (700 mi) of expressways in Poland. There are about 439 km (270 mi) of expressways in various stages of construction.[2] The start of an expressway in Poland is marked with sign of white car on blue background, while number sign for an expressway is of red background and white letters, with the letter S preceding a number.
On May 15, 2004 the Regulation of the Council of Ministers (on the network of motorways and express roads) referred to a network of motorways and expressways in Poland totalling about 7,200 km (4,470 mi) (including about 2,000 km (1,240 mi) of motorways).[3] Regulation from February 2007 added roads S2 and S79 to the list.[4] Regulation from October 2009 supplemented plans with road S61.[5] The following table summarizes the planned expressways in accordance with government regulations. Please note the lengths are approximate and are only indicative. As of end of January 2011 there are over 700 km (430 mi) of both single and dual-carriageway expressways in Poland.[2] There are about 570 km (350 mi) of expressways in various stages of construction.[2]
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| Motorways | |||||||
| Sign | Course | Total length | Existing | Under construction | Tender | Environmental decision (DŚU) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Gdańsk (S6) – Gorzyczki (border) | 565,1 km | 318,6 km | 56,38% | 117,3 km | 64,0 km | 123,8 km |
 |
Świecko (border) – Kukuryki (border) | 622,6 km | 469,9 km | 75,47% | 147,6 km | ||
 |
Jędrzychowice (border) – Korczowa (border) | 670 km | 450,1 km | 67,17% | 206,2 km | 3,5 km | |
 |
Kołbaskowo (border) – Rzęśnica (S3) | 28,7 km | 21,6 km | 75,61% | 2,2 km | 0,1 km | 4,8 km |
 |
Bielany Wrocławskie (S8) – Wrocław (S8) | 22,3 km | 22,3 km | 100% | |||
 |
Olszyna (border) – Krzyżowa (A4) | 78,5 km | 5,6 km; 70,9 km (north carriageway) |
52,35% | 70,9 km (south carriageway) |
||
| In total | 1987,2 km | 1288,2 km | 64,82% | 325,7 km | 67,6 km | 311,65 km | |
| Expressways | |||||||
| Sign | Course | Total length | Existing | Under construction | Tender | Environmental decision (DŚU) | |
 |
Pyrzowice (A1) – Cieszyn (border) | 122,1 km * | 80,0 km | 65,52% | 4,8 km | ||
 |
Konotopa (A2) – Nowy Konik (A2) | 35,6 km | 0,7 km | 1,96% | 15 km | 20,6 km | |
 |
Świnoujście – Lubawka (border) | 478,2 km * | 178,8 km | 37,39% | 80,5 km | 201,35 km | |
 |
Grudziądz (A1) – Wrocław (A8) | 367,7 km * | 72,3 km | 19,66% | 29,3 km | 262,25 km | |
 |
Goleniów (S3) – Gdańsk (A1) | 318,7 km * | 61,9 km | 19,42% | 180 km | ||
 |
Gdańsk (A1) – Rabka-Zdrój | 726,2 km * | 245,8 km | 33,85% | 26,6 km | 39,2 km | 269,8 km |
 |
Wrocław (A8) – Białystok (S19) | 590,5 km * | 214,7 km | 36,35% | 187,2 km | 16,5 km | 128 km |
 |
Szczecin (A6) – Płońsk (S7) | 459,8 km * | 45,4 km | 9,87% | 24 km | ||
 |
Koszalin (S6) – Pyrzowice (A1) | 554,2 km * | 36,1 km | 6,51% | 111,7 km | ||
 |
Piotrków Trybunalski (A1) – Dorohusk-Jagodzin (border) | 319 km * | 14,1 km | 4,42% | 67 km | 12,1 km | |
 |
Łódź (A2) – (S8) | 40,1 km | 9,2 km | 22,94% | 3,3 km | 27,2 km | |
 |
Warszawa (S8) – Hrebenne-Rawa Ruska (border) | 321,6 km * | 13,8 km | 4,29% | 67 km | 104,7 km | |
 |
Kuźnica Białostocka-Bruzgi (border) – Barwinek (border) | 595,2 km * | 20,2 km | 3,39% | 5 km | 5 km | 27 km |
 |
Elbląg – Grzechotki (border) | 50,2 km | 50,2 km | 100% | |||
 |
Olsztyn – Olsztynek (S7) | 21 km | 4,7 km | 22,38% | 15 km | ||
 |
Ostrów Mazowiecka (S8) – Budzisko (border) | 247,5 km * | 27,5 km | 13 km | |||
 |
Bielsko-Biała – Zwardoń (border) | 49,8 km | 29,8 km | 59,83% | 15,5 km | 8,5 km | |
 |
Sulejów (S12) – Nisko (S19) | 192,2 km * | 6,1 km | 3,17% | 9,7 km | ||
 |
Warszawa-Lotnisko (S2) – Warszawa-Marynarska | 4,3 km | 4,3 km | ||||
| In total | 5493,9 km | 1088,3 km | 19,81% | 552,1 km | 56 km | 1419,7 km | |
History [edit]
First ideas of creation of motorways in Poland were conceived in the interbellum period. The main promoter of this concept was Professor Melchior Wladyslaw Nestorowicz of the Warsaw University of Technology, who organized three Road Congresses, during which a group of specialists discussed creation of Polish motorway network. On March 5, 1939, in a professional magazine Drogowiec, Professor Nestorowicz published an article, in which he proposed a very ambitious plan of construction of almost 5000 kilometres of motorways, I and II category. According to Nestorowicz, a nationwide programme of motorways, based on similar programmes in Germany and Italy, should be started in Poland.[6] Professor sketched a map of future motorways of the Second Polish Republic.
First class roads consisted of the following motorways:
- Warsaw - Łódź - 100 km
- Warsaw – Poznań - Polish-German border - 350 km
- Warsaw beltway - 130 km
- Poznań beltway - 80 km
- Gdynia – Bydgoszcz – Łódź – 500 km
- Łódź beltway - 90 km
- Bytow - Free City of Danzig border - 50 km
- Katowice – Kraków – Lwów - 375 km
- Warsaw – Lublin - Lwów – Sniatyn - Polish-Romanian border - 550 km
- Puławy – Sandomierz – Przemyśl - 175 km
A total of 2,400 km (1,500 mi)
Second class roads consisted of the following motorways:
- Piotrków Trybunalski - Kielce - Sandomierz - 180 km
- Warsaw – Kielce – Kraków - 180 km
- Łódź - Kalisz - Polish-German border north of Wrocław - 130 km
- Warsaw – Grodno – Vilnius – Polish - Lithuania - Latvian border near Daugavpils - 575 km
- Grodno - Nowogrodek - Polish-Soviet border near Minsk - 190 km
- Bydgoszcz – Poznań – Częstochowa - 350 km
- Katowice – Cieszyn – Polish-Czechoslovak border - 60 km
- Ostrołęka - Polish-East Prussian border - 50 km
- Grodno - Polish-Lithuanian border - 40 km
- Grodno - Brzesc nad Bugiem - Krasnystaw - 300 km
- Warsaw – Brzesc nad Bugiem - 170 km
A total of 2,295 km (1,430 mi)
Current motorway and expressway network plans are enclosed with regulation of Council of Ministers of October 2009. Currently planned network consist of 6 motorways (A1, A2, A4, A6, A8, A18) and 19 express roads.[5]
Total length of highways in Poland (end of the year) [edit]
1945-1976 - 133 km
1977 - 169 km
1978 - 169 km
1979 - 190 km
1980 - 190 km
1981 - 190 km
1982 - 190 km
1983 - 255 km
1984 - 278 km
1985 - 321 km
1986 - 327 km
1987 - 327 km
1988 - 348 km
1989 - 366 km
1990 - 381 km
1991 - 399 km
1992 - 399 km
1993 - 403 km
1994 - 405 km
1995 - 440 km
1996 - 453 km
1997 - 456 km
1998 - 490 km
1999 - 502 km
2000 - 592 km
2001 - 630 km
2002 - 639 km
2003 - 727 km
2004 - 781 km
2005 - 848 km
2006 - 1013 km
2007 - 1083 km
2008 - 1282 km
2009 - 1454 km
2010 - 1560 km
2011 - 1865 km
2012 - 2448 km
2013 - 2885 km (forecast)
2014 - 3196 km (forecast)[7]
See also [edit]
References [edit]
- ^ TRANSPORT Activity Results in 2011 Główny Urząd Statystyczny
- ^ a b c d e Polish motorways and expressways stats on skyscrapercity(Polish)
- ^ Dz.U. 2004 nr 128 poz. 1334(Polish)
- ^ Dz.U. 2007 nr 35 poz. 220(Polish)
- ^ a b Dz.U. 2009 nr 187 poz. 1446(Polish)
- ^ Prof. M. W. Nestorowicz, Problem budowy dróg samochodowych (autostrad) w Polsce
- ^ http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=1142261
External links [edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Roads in Poland |
- General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (in Polish, some information also in English)
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