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Ligament: Ligament of head of femur
Gray341.png
Left hip-joint, opened by removing the floor of the acetabulum from within the pelvis. (Ligamentum teres visible at center.)
Gray342.png
Hip-joint, front view. The capsular ligament has been largely removed. (Ligam. teres visible at center.)
Latin ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres femoris
Gray's subject #92 336
From femur head
To acetabular notch

In human anatomy, the ligament of the head of the femur (Latin: ligamentum capitis femoris'), or the round ligament of the femur (Latin: ligamentum teres femoris'), commonly referred to as the ligamentum teres, is a triangular, somewhat flattened band implanted by its apex into the antero-superior part of the fovea capitis femoris; its base is attached by two bands, one into either side of the acetabular notch, and between these bony attachments it blends with the transverse ligament.[1]

It is ensheathed by the synovial membrane, and varies greatly in strength in different subjects; occasionally only the synovial fold exists, and in rare cases even this is absent.[1]

The ligament is made tense when the thigh is semiflexed and the limb then abducted or rotated outward; it is, on the other hand, relaxed when the limb is adducted.[1]

Research suggests it contributes little influence as a ligament past childhood,[2] although it may still be important in transmitting arterial supply to the head. The ligament gives the femur a stabilizing strength which, as in the orangutan, some animals lack.[3]

The ligament of the head of the femur contains within it the acetabular branch of medial circumflex femoral artery.

Evolutionary variation [edit]

In the orangutan, an Asian arboreal brachiator who uses all four limbs to move about, the head of the femur is completely spherical and the head-acetabulum ligament is absent, which allows for a greater range of motion. In African apes, such as bonobos, chimpanzees, and gorillas who move mainly by terrestrial knuckle-walking, this ligament is present.[4]

Additional images [edit]
A human femur head with some synovium attached at the bottom and the ligament of the head of the femur attached at the top. A blue suture wire is drawn through the ligament. Ruler in centimeters at left side. 
Structures surrounding right hip-joint 
Hip joint. Lateral wiev. Ligament of head of femur 

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Gray's Anatomy (1918), see infobox
  2. ^ Tan CK, Wong WC (August 1990). "Absence of the ligament of head of femur in the human hip joint". Singapore Medical Journal 31 (4): 360–3. PMID 2124003. 
  3. ^ Femur article, Encyclopædia Britannica.
  4. ^ Ishida, Hidemi (2006). "Current Thoughts on Terrestrialization in African Apes and the Origin of Human Bipedalism". In Ishida, Hidemi; Tuttle, Russell; Pickford, Martin; Ogihara, Naomichi; Nakatsukasa, Masato. Human Origins and Environmental Backgrounds. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. pp. 259–66. doi:10.1007/0-387-29798-7_20. ISBN 9780387296388. 

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.
Coxal/hip
Knee-joint
Tibiofibular
Joints of foot
Other

M: JNT

anat (h/c, u, t, l)/phys

proc, drug (M01C, M4)


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