List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust - Mashpedia Real-time Encyclopedia

This is a list of major perpetrators of The Holocaust.

Name	Date of birth	Date of death	Age at death	Role	Fate
Hitler, AdolfAdolf Hitler	01889-04-20April 20, 1889	01945-04-30April 30, 1945	700156000000000000056 years, 700110000000000000010 days	Leader of the Nazi Party during the Third Reich Chancellor of Germany Führer of Germany	Committed suicide by gunshot^[1]^[2] (possibly while biting down on a cyanide capsule at the same time)^[3]
Himmler, Heinrich LuitpoldHeinrich Luitpold Himmler	01900-10-07October 7, 1900	01945-05-23May 23, 1945	700144000000000000044 years, 7002228000000000000228 days	Reichsführer-SS Chief of German Police Reich Minister of the Interior	Arrested; committed suicide by biting down on a cyanide capsule
Heydrich, Reinhard Tristan EugenReinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich	01904-03-07March 7, 1904	01942-06-04June 4, 1942	700138000000000000038 years, 700189000000000000089 days	SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei (lieutenant general) Chief of the Reich Main Security Office Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector) President of Interpol	Assassinated in Operation Anthropoid
Göring, Hermann WilhelmHermann Wilhelm Göring	01893-01-12January 12, 1893	01946-10-15October 15, 1946	700153000000000000053 years, 7002276000000000000276 days	Reichsmarschall (grand marshal) and Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe President of the Reichstag Reichsminister of Aviation	Sentenced to death by hanging; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Eichmann, Otto AdolfOtto Adolf Eichmann	01906-03-19March 19, 1906	01962-05-31May 31, 1962	700156000000000000056 years, 700173000000000000073 days	SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) who was charged by Heydrich with facilitating and managing the mass deportations of Jews to ghettos and extermination camps in Eastern Europe.	Executed by hanging (kidnapped on 01960-05-11May 11, 1960)
Globocnik, Odilo LotarioOdilo Lotario Globocnik	01904-04-21April 21, 1904	01945-05-31May 31, 1945	700141000000000000041 years, 700140000000000000040 days	SS-Obergruppenführer (lieutenant general) SS and Police Leader in the General Government Head of Operation Reinhard	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Eicke, TheodorTheodor Eicke	01892-10-17October 17, 1892	01943-02-26February 26, 1943	700150000000000000050 years, 7002132000000000000132 days	SS-Obergruppenführer (lieutenant general) A major figure in the creation of the concentration camps He was the first commander of SS Division Totenkopf, which became notorious for its war crimes.	Killed in action
Glücks, RichardRichard Glücks	01889-04-22April 22, 1889	01945-05-10May 10, 1945	700156000000000000056 years, 700118000000000000018 days	SS-Gruppenführer (major general). Head of SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt	Committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Kaltenbrunner, Dr. ErnstDr. Ernst Kaltenbrunner	01903-10-04October 4, 1903	01946-10-16October 16, 1946	700143000000000000043 years, 700112000000000000012 days	SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei und Waffen-SS (lieutenant general) Chief of the Reich Main Security Office after Heydrich was assassinated President of Interpol	Executed by hanging
Goebbels, Dr. Paul JosephDr. Paul Joseph Goebbels	01897-10-29October 29, 1897	01945-05-01May 1, 1945	700147000000000000047 years, 7002184000000000000184 days	Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda High-ranking Nazi Party member	Committed suicide by shooting himself
Frank, Hans MichaelHans Michael Frank	01900-05-23May 23, 1900	01946-10-16October 16, 1946	700146000000000000046 years, 7002146000000000000146 days	Governor-General of the General Government	Executed by hanging
Seyss-Inquart, ArthurArthur Seyss-Inquart	01892-07-22July 22, 1892	01946-10-16October 16, 1946	700154000000000000054 years, 700186000000000000086 days	Ruler of the Netherlands after its conquest, and effectively deputy to Hans Frank in occupied Poland	Executed by hanging
Daluege, KurtKurt Daluege	01897-09-15September 15, 1897	01946-10-24October 24, 1946	700149000000000000049 years, 700139000000000000039 days	SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer und Generaloberst der Polizei Chief of the Ordnungspolizei Deputy Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (acting Protector) Organized the massacres of the Czech villages of Lidice and Ležáky after the assassination of Heydrich	Executed by hanging
Rosenberg, Dr. Alfred ErnstDr. Alfred Ernst Rosenberg	01893-01-12January 12, 1893	01946-10-16October 16, 1946	700153000000000000053 years, 7002277000000000000277 days	Nazi theoretician and head of the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories	Executed by hanging
Bormann, Martin LudwigMartin Ludwig Bormann	01900-06-17June 17, 1900	01945-05-02May 2, 1945?	700144000000000000044 years, 7002319000000000000319 days?	Head of the Nazi Party Chancellery Private Secretary to Adolf Hitler	Sentenced to death by hanging "in absentia"; believed to have committed suicide to avoid capture^[4]
Brandt, Rudolf HermannRudolf Hermann Brandt	01909-06-02June 2, 1909	01948-06-02June 2, 1948	700139000000000000039 years, 50000000000000000000 days	Deputy to Heinrich Himmler	Executed by hanging
Pohl, Oswald LudwigOswald Ludwig Pohl	01892-06-30June 30, 1892	01951-06-08June 8, 1951	700158000000000000058 years, 7002343000000000000343 days	High-ranking concentration camps administrator	Executed by hanging
Müller, HeinrichHeinrich Müller	01900-04-28April 28, 1900			Chief of the Gestapo	Disappeared; believed to have died in May 1945
Keitel, Wilhelm Bodewin Johann GustavWilhelm Bodewin Johann Gustav Keitel	01882-09-22September 22, 1882	01946-10-16October 16, 1946	700164000000000000064 years, 700124000000000000024 days	Supreme Command of the Armed Forces	Executed by hanging
Höfle, Hermann Julius "Hans"Hermann Julius "Hans" Höfle	01911-06-19June 19, 1911	01962-08-20August 20, 1962	700151000000000000051 years, 700162000000000000062 days	Coordinator of Operation Reinhard	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Thomalla, Richard WolfgangRichard Wolfgang Thomalla	01903-10-23October 23, 1903	01945-05-12May 12, 1945	700141000000000000041 years, 7002201000000000000201 days	Head of extermination camp construction during Operation Reinhard	Assassinated
Lambert, Erwin HermannErwin Hermann Lambert	01909-12-07December 7, 1909	01976-10-15October 15, 1976	700166000000000000066 years, 7002313000000000000313 days	Head of gas chamber construction during Operation Reinhard	Arrested; acquitted
Steubl, KarlKarl Steubl				Commander of transportation units during Operation Reinhard
Wirth, ChristianChristian Wirth	01885-11-24November 24, 1885	01944-05-26May 26, 1944	700158000000000000058 years, 7002184000000000000184 days	Inspector of Action T4 and Operation Reinhard; Commandant of Chełmno, 01941-09-01September 1941—01943-03-01March 1943 (1/1); Commandant of Bełżec, 01942-03-17March 17, 1942—end of 01942-08-01August 1942 (1/2)	Assassinated
Höss, Rudolf Franz FerdinandRudolf Franz Ferdinand Höss	01900-11-25November 25, 1900	01947-04-16April 16, 1947	700146000000000000046 years, 7002142000000000000142 days	Commandant of Auschwitz, 01940-05-04May 4, 1940—01943-12-01December 1, 1943, 01944-05-08May 8, 1944—01945-01-18January 18, 1945 (1/2)	Executed by hanging
Liebehenschel, ArthurArthur Liebehenschel	01901-11-25November 25, 1901	01948-01-28January 28, 1948	700146000000000000046 years, 700164000000000000064 days	Commandant of Auschwitz, 01943-12-01December 1, 1943—01944-05-08May 8, 1944 (2/2); Commandant of Majdanek, 01944-05-19May 19, 1944—01944-07-22July 22, 1944 (5/5)	Executed by hanging
Eberl, Dr. IrmfriedDr. Irmfried Eberl	01910-09-08September 8, 1910	01948-02-16February 16, 1948	700137000000000000037 years, 7002161000000000000161 days	Commandant of Treblinka, 01942-07-11July 11, 1942—01942-08-26August 26, 1942 (1/3)	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Stangl, Franz PaulFranz Paul Stangl	01908-03-26March 26, 1908	01971-06-28June 28, 1971	700163000000000000063 years, 700194000000000000094 days	Commandant of Sobibor, 01942-04-28April 28, 1942—01942-08-30August 30, 1942 (1/2); Commandant of Treblinka, 01942-09-01September 1, 1942—01943-08-01August 1943 (2/3)	Arrested on 01967-02-28February 28, 1967; sentenced to life imprisonment on 01970-10-22October 22, 1970; died in prison
Franz, Kurt HubertKurt Hubert Franz	01914-01-17January 17, 1914	01998-07-04July 4, 1998	700184000000000000084 years, 7002168000000000000168 days	Commandant of Treblinka, 01943-08-01August 1943—01943-10-19October 19, 1943 (3/3)	Arrested on 01959-12-02December 2, 1959; sentenced to life imprisonment in 1965; released on health grounds in 1993
Reichleitner, Franz KarlFranz Karl Reichleitner	01906-12-02December 2, 1906	01944-01-03January 3, 1944	700137000000000000037 years, 700132000000000000032 days	Commandant of Sobibor, 01942-09-01September 1, 1942—01943-10-17October 17, 1943 (2/2)	Assassinated
Hering, GottliebGottlieb Hering	01887-06-02June 2, 1887	01945-10-09October 9, 1945	700158000000000000058 years, 7002129000000000000129 days	Commandant of Bełżec, end of 01942-08-01August 1942—01943-06-01June 1943 (2/2)	Died of mysterious health complications
Mengele, Dr. Josef RudolfDr. Josef Rudolf Mengele	01911-03-16March 16, 1911	01979-02-07February 7, 1979	700167000000000000067 years, 7002328000000000000328 days	Human medical experimentation, particularly children, and selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz	Escaped to Brazil; evaded arrest for 34 years until death
Frank, Karl HermannKarl Hermann Frank	01898-01-24January 24, 1898	01946-05-22May 22, 1946	700148000000000000048 years, 7002118000000000000118 days	SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei und Waffen-SS Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) and State Minister for Bohemia and Moravia	Executed by hanging
Wirths, Dr. EduardDr. Eduard Wirths	01909-09-04September 4, 1909	01945-09-20September 20, 1945	700136000000000000036 years, 700116000000000000016 days	Human medical experimentation, and formal responsibility of medical staff at Auschwitz	Arrested; committed suicide by hanging
Schumann, Dr. HorstDr. Horst Schumann	01906-05-01May 1, 1906	01983-05-05May 5, 1983	700177000000000000077 years, 70004000000000000004 days	Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz	Arrested in 1966; released on health grounds on 01972-07-29July 29, 1972
Clauberg, Dr. CarlDr. Carl Clauberg	01898-09-28September 28, 1898	01957-08-09August 9, 1957	700158000000000000058 years, 7002315000000000000315 days	Human medical experimentation at Auschwitz	Sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in 1948; released in 1955; re-arrested in West Germany; died of heart attack
Brack, Viktor HermannViktor Hermann Brack	01904-11-09November 9, 1904	01948-06-02June 2, 1948	700143000000000000043 years, 7002206000000000000206 days	Action T4; Human medical experimentation	Executed by hanging
Gebhardt, Dr. Karl FranzDr. Karl Franz Gebhardt	01897-11-23November 23, 1897	01948-06-02June 2, 1948	700150000000000000050 years, 7002192000000000000192 days	Human medical experimentation	Executed by hanging
Klein, Dr. FritzDr. Fritz Klein	01888-11-24November 24, 1888	01945-12-13December 13, 1945	700157000000000000057 years, 700119000000000000019 days	Selection of prisoners to be gassed at Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Brandt, Dr. KarlDr. Karl Brandt	01904-01-08January 8, 1904	01948-06-02June 2, 1948	700144000000000000044 years, 7002146000000000000146 days	Co-director of Action T4; Human medical experimentation	Executed by hanging
Bouhler, PhilippPhilipp Bouhler	01899-09-11September 11, 1899	01945-05-19May 19, 1945	700145000000000000045 years, 7002250000000000000250 days	Director of Action T4	Arrested; committed suicide by cyanide poisoning
Kramer, JosefJosef Kramer	01906-11-10November 10, 1906	01945-12-13December 13, 1945	700139000000000000039 years, 700133000000000000033 days	Deputy commandant of Auschwitz Commandant of Bergen-Belsen	Executed by hanging
Aumeier, HansHans Aumeier	01906-08-20August 20, 1906	01948-01-28January 28, 1948	700141000000000000041 years, 7002161000000000000161 days	Deputy commandant of Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Hössler, FranzFranz Hössler	01906-02-04February 4, 1906	01945-12-13December 13, 1945	700139000000000000039 years, 7002312000000000000312 days	Deputy commandant of Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Grabner, MaximilianMaximilian Grabner	01905-10-02October 2, 1905	01948-01-28January 28, 1948	700142000000000000042 years, 7002118000000000000118 days	Gestapo command (torture of prisoners) at Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Matthes, Heinrich ArthurHeinrich Arthur Matthes	01902-01-11January 11, 1902	Deceased		Deputy commandant of Treblinka	Arrested in 1964; sentenced to life imprisonment on 01965-09-03September 3, 1965
Oberhauser, Josef KasparJosef Kaspar Oberhauser	01915-01-21January 21, 1915	01979-11-22November 22, 1979	700164000000000000064 years, 7002305000000000000305 days	Deputy commandant of Bełżec	Sentenced to 15 years in prison; released early on 28 April 1956
Hackenholt, Lorenz MarieLorenz Marie Hackenholt	01914-06-25June 25, 1914	01945-12-31December 31, 1945	700131000000000000031 years, 7002189000000000000189 days	Gas chamber construction and executioner of Bełżec and other camps during Operation Reinhard	Declared legally dead
Niemann, JohannJohann Niemann	01913-08-04August 4, 1913	01943-10-14October 14, 1943	700130000000000000030 years, 700171000000000000071 days	Deputy commandant of Bełżec and Sobibor	Assassinated during Sobibor revolt
Wagner, Gustav FranzGustav Franz Wagner	01911-07-18July 18, 1911	01980-10-03October 3, 1980	700169000000000000069 years, 700177000000000000077 days	Deputy commandant of Sobibor	Sentenced to death by hanging "in absentia"; evaded arrest for 35 years until found dead, believed to have committed suicide by stabbing
Frenzel, Karl August WilhelmKarl August Wilhelm Frenzel	01911-08-28August 28, 1911	01996-09-02September 2, 1996	700185000000000000085 years, 70005000000000000005 days	Commandant of Camp I (forced labor camp) at Sobibor	Arrested on 01962-03-22March 22, 1962; sentenced to life imprisonment on 01966-12-20December 20, 1966; released on health grounds in 1982
Michel, HermannHermann Michel	01912-04-23April 23, 1912		7002101000000000000101 years, 700122000000000000022 days	Deputy commandant of Sobibor	Evaded arrest; whereabouts unknown
Bauer, Hermann ErichHermann Erich Bauer	01900-03-26March 26, 1900	01980-02-04February 4, 1980	700179000000000000079 years, 7002315000000000000315 days	Gas chamber executioner of Sobibor	Sentenced to death by hanging; commuted to life imprisonment; died in prison
Bolender, Heinz KurtHeinz Kurt Bolender	01912-05-21May 21, 1912	01966-10-10October 10, 1966	700154000000000000054 years, 7002142000000000000142 days	Gas chamber executioner of Sobibor	Arrested in May 1961; committed suicide by hanging
Stroop, JürgenJürgen Stroop	01895-09-26September 26, 1895	01952-03-06March 6, 1952	700156000000000000056 years, 7002162000000000000162 days	Suppression and destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising	Executed by hanging
Krüger, Friedrich-WilhelmFriedrich-Wilhelm Krüger	01894-02-27February 27, 1894	01945-05-09May 9, 1945	700151000000000000051 years, 700171000000000000071 days	SS and Police Leader in occupied Poland	Committed suicide
Streckenbach, Bruno HeinrichBruno Heinrich Streckenbach	01902-02-07February 7, 1902	01977-10-28October 28, 1977	700175000000000000075 years, 7002263000000000000263 days	Trained the Einsatzgruppen; commander of Einsatzgruppe I in Poland	Sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in 1952; released on 01955-10-10October 10, 1955
Jeckeln, Friedrich AugustFriedrich August Jeckeln	01895-02-02February 2, 1895	01946-02-03February 3, 1946	700151000000000000051 years, 70001000000000000001 day	SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei und Waffen-SS SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) Responsible for Rumbula, Babi Yar, and Kamianets-Podilskyi massacres	Executed by hanging
Stahlecker, Dr. Franz WalterDr. Franz Walter Stahlecker	01900-10-10October 10, 1900	01942-03-23March 23, 1942	700141000000000000041 years, 7002164000000000000164 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, 01941-06-22June 22, 1941–01942-03-23March 23, 1942 (1/5)	Killed in action
Jost, HeinzHeinz Jost	01904-07-09July 9, 1904	01964-11-12November 12, 1964	700160000000000000060 years, 7002126000000000000126 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, 01942-03-29March 29, 1942–01942-09-02September 2, 1942 (2/5)	Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1945; commuted to 10 years; released in 1951
Achamer-Pifrader, Dr. HumbertDr. Humbert Achamer-Pifrader	01900-11-21November 21, 1900	01945-04-25April 25, 1945	700144000000000000044 years, 7002155000000000000155 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, 01942-09-10September 10, 1942–01943-09-04September 4, 1943 (3/5)	Killed in action
Panzinger, FriedrichFriedrich Panzinger	01903-02-01February 1, 1903	01959-08-08August 8, 1959	700156000000000000056 years, 7002188000000000000188 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, 01943-09-05September 5, 1943–01944-05-06May 6, 1944 (4/5) Chief of the Kripo (2/2)
Fuchs, Dr. WilhelmDr. Wilhelm Fuchs	01898-09-01September 1, 1898	01947-01-24January 24, 1947	700148000000000000048 years, 7002145000000000000145 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe A, Baltic states, 01944-05-06May 6, 1944–01944-10-10October 10, 1944 (5/5); Commander of Einsatzkommando 3, 01943-09-15September 15, 1943–01944-05-27May 27, 1944	Executed
Strauch, Dr. EduardDr. Eduard Strauch	01906-08-17August 17, 1906	01955-09-15September 15, 1955	700149000000000000049 years, 700129000000000000029 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, Latvia (Rumbula), 01941-11-04November 4, 1941–01941-12-02December 2, 1941; Commander of Sonderkommando 1b, 01942-03-01March 1942–01942-08-01August 1942	Sentenced to death by hanging in 1948; died in prison
Lange, Dr. Martin Franz Erwin RudolfDr. Martin Franz Erwin Rudolf Lange	01910-04-18April 18, 1910	01945-02-23February 23, 1945	700134000000000000034 years, 7002311000000000000311 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 2, Latvia, 01941-12-03December 3, 1941–01944-01-011944	Believed to have been killed in action
Jäger, KarlKarl Jäger	01888-09-20September 20, 1888	01959-06-22June 22, 1959	700170000000000000070 years, 7002275000000000000275 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 3, Lithuania, 01941-06-01June 1941–01943-08-01August 1, 1943	Arrested in 1959; committed suicide
Schaper, HermannHermann Schaper	01911-08-12August 12, 1911	deceased after 2002	over 90 years	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Poland	Arrested in 1964; released due to insufficient evidence
Nebe, ArthurArthur Nebe	01894-11-13November 13, 1894	01945-03-21March 21, 1945	700150000000000000050 years, 7002128000000000000128 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, 01941-06-01June 1941–01941-11-01November 1941 (1/5) Chief of the Kripo (1/2) President of Interpol	Executed by Nazi Germany for involvement in the failed 20 July 1944 attempt to kill Adolf Hitler
Naumann, ErichErich Naumann	01905-04-29April 29, 1905	01951-06-08June 8, 1951	700146000000000000046 years, 700140000000000000040 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, 01941-11-01November 1941–01943-03-01March 1943 (2/5)	Executed by hanging
Böhme, Horst-AlwinHorst-Alwin Böhme				Lidice Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, 01943-03-12March 12, 1943–01943-08-28August 28, 1943, 01944-08-12August 12, 1944 (3/5); Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, 01943-09-06September 6, 1943–01944-03-01March 1944 (3/3)
Ehrlinger, ErichErich Ehrlinger	01910-10-14October 14, 1910	02004-07-31July 31, 2004	700193000000000000093 years, 7002291000000000000291 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, 01943-08-28August 28, 1943–01944-04-01April 1944 (4/5); Commander of Sonderkommando 1b, 01941-06-01June 1941–01941-11-01November 1941	Arrested in 01958-12-01December 1958; sentenced to 12 years imprisonment
Seetzen, HeinrichHeinrich Seetzen	01906-06-22June 22, 1906	01945-09-28September 28, 1945	700139000000000000039 years, 700198000000000000098 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe B, Belarus, 01944-04-28April 28, 1944–01944-08-01August 1944 (5/5); Commander of Einsatzkommando 10a, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, 01941-06-01June 1941–01942-07-01July 1942
Bradfisch, Dr. OttoDr. Otto Bradfisch	01903-05-10May 10, 1903	01994-06-22June 22, 1994	700191000000000000091 years, 700143000000000000043 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 8, Belarus, 01941-06-01June 1941–01942-04-01April 1, 1942	Arrested on 01958-04-21April 21, 1958; sentenced to 13 years imprisonment in 1963
Rasch, Dr. Emil OttoDr. Emil Otto Rasch	01891-12-07December 7, 1891	01948-11-01November 1, 1948	700156000000000000056 years, 7002330000000000000330 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, 01941-06-01June 1941–01941-10-01October 1941 (1/3)	Arrested; removed from trial on health grounds; died in prison
Thomas, MaxMax Thomas	01891-08-04August 4, 1891	01945-12-06December 6, 1945	700154000000000000054 years, 7002124000000000000124 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe C, north and central Ukraine, 01941-10-01October 1941–01943-04-29April 29, 1943 (2/3)
Blobel, PaulPaul Blobel	01894-08-13August 13, 1894	01951-06-08June 8, 1951	700156000000000000056 years, 7002299000000000000299 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 4a, Ukraine (Babi Yar), 01941-06-01June 1941–01942-01-13January 13, 1942; Director of Sonderaktion 1005	Executed by hanging
Ohlendorf, Dr. OttoDr. Otto Ohlendorf	01907-02-04February 4, 1907	01951-06-08June 8, 1951	700144000000000000044 years, 7002124000000000000124 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, 01941-06-01June 1941–01942-07-01July 1942 (1/2)	Executed by hanging
Bierkamp, WaltherWalther Bierkamp	01901-12-17December 17, 1901	01945-05-15May 15, 1945	700143000000000000043 years, 7002149000000000000149 days	Commander of Einsatzgruppe D, Moldova, south Ukraine, the Crimea, and north Caucasus, 01942-07-01July 1942–01943-03-01March 1943 (2/2)
Braune, Karl Rudolf WernerKarl Rudolf Werner Braune	01909-04-11April 11, 1909	01951-06-08June 8, 1951	700142000000000000042 years, 700158000000000000058 days	Commander of Einsatzkommando 11b, south Ukraine and the Crimea, 01941-10-01October 1941–01942-09-01September 1942	Executed by hanging
Mandel, MariaMaria Mandel	01912-01-10January 10, 1912	01948-01-24January 24, 1948	700136000000000000036 years, 700114000000000000014 days	Commandant of female camp at Auschwitz	Executed by hanging
Grese, Irma Ida IlseIrma Ida Ilse Grese	01924-10-07October 7, 1924	01945-12-13December 13, 1945	700121000000000000021 years, 700167000000000000067 days	Warden of the women's section of Bergen-Belsen, and later Auschwitz	Executed by hanging

References [edit]

^ Kershaw (2008) Hitler, p. 955
^ Joachimsthaler (1999) [1995] The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends, the Evidence, the Truth, pp. 160–180
^ O'Donnell (2001) [1978] The Bunker, pp. 322–323
^ Beevor (2002) Berlin: The Downfall 1945, p. 383

The Holocaust

Related articles by country: Belarus
Belgium
Croatia
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Poland
Norway
Russia
Ukraine

Early elements

Camps

Transit and collection	Belgium: Breendonk Mechelen France: Gurs Drancy Italy: Bolzano Risiera di San Sabba Netherlands: Amersfoort Westerbork

Concentration	Bergen-Belsen Bogdanovka Buchenwald Dachau Esterwegen Flossenbürg Gonars (Italy) Gross-Rosen Herzogenbusch Janowska Kaiserwald Mauthausen-Gusen Neuengamme Rab Ravensbrück Sachsenhausen Sajmište Salaspils Stutthof Theresienstadt Uckermark Warsaw

Extermination	Auschwitz-Birkenau Bełżec Chełmno Jasenovac Majdanek Maly Trostenets Sobibor Treblinka

Methods	Inmate identification Gas van Gas chamber Extermination through labor Human medical experimentation Inmate disposal of victims Divisions: SS-Totenkopfverbände Concentration Camps Inspectorate Politische Abteilung Sanitätswesen

History of the Jews
during World War II

Pogroms	Kristallnacht Bucharest Dorohoi Iaşi Jedwabne Kaunas Lviv Odessa Tykocin Vel' d'Hiv Wąsosz

Ghettos	Białystok Budapest Kovno Kraków Łódź Lublin Lvov (Lwów) Minsk Riga Vilna Warsaw List of 267 Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland with number of prisoners and deportation route

Final Solution	Wannsee Conference Operation Reinhard Holocaust trains Extermination camps

Einsatzgruppen	Babi Yar Bydgoszcz Kamianets-Podilskyi Ninth Fort Piaśnica Ponary Rumbula Erntefest

Resistance	Jewish partisans Ghetto uprisings (Warsaw · Białystok · Częstochowa)

End of World War II	Death marches Wola Bricha Displaced persons Holocaust denial

Other victims

Responsibility

Organizations	Nazi Party Sturmabteilung (SA) Schutzstaffel (SS) Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) Verfügungstruppe (VT) Wehrmacht

Individuals	Major perpetrators Nazi ideologues

Collaborators	Ypatingasis būrys Lithuanian Security Police Rollkommando Hamann Arajs Kommando Ukrainian Auxiliary Police Trawnikis Nederlandsche SS Special Brigades

Aftermath

Lists

Resources

Remembrance