List of technologies

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1 Prehistoric Era
2 Classical Era
3 Medieval Era
4 Renaissance Era
5 References

Here is a list of significant technological developments, by chronological order and organized by their type.

Prehistoric Era [edit]

(Before 3500 BC)

Practical Technologies [edit]

c. 2 mya : Simple stone technology
c. 1.5 mya : Fire creation ^[1]
c. 1.2 mya years ago : Stone tools
c. 110,000 years ago : Fur clothing ^[2]
c. 43,000 years ago : Mining ^[3]
c. 40,000 years ago : Logboat ^[4]
c. 36,000 years ago : Bone flute ^[5]
c. 32,000 BC : Animal domestication ^[6]
c. 30,000 years ago : String ^[7]
c. 30,000 years ago : Painting ^[8]
c. 23,000 BC : Ceramics ^[9]
c. 18,000 BC : Sewing ^[10]
c. 15,000 BC : Rope ^[11]
c. 10,000 BC : Plant domestication
c. 8000 BC : Brick ^[12]
c. 8000 BC : Spindle ^[12]
c. 7000 BC : Metalworking ^[13]
c. 6000 BC : Salt cultivation
c. 5000 BC : Leather ^[14]
c. 5000 BC : Irrigation ^[15]
c. 4500 BC : Equestrianism
c. 4000 BC : Weaving loom ^[16]
c. 4000 BC : Wheel

Military Technologies [edit]

c. 1.6 mya : Acheulean hand axes
c. 400,000 years ago : Spear and Javelin ^[17]
c. 25,000 BC : Dart thrower ^[18]
c. 18,000 years ago : Boomerang ^[19]
c. 12,000 BC : Mace
c. 9200 BC : Microliths
c. 9000 BC : Bow
c. 7000 BC : Defensive wall ^[20]

Astronomical Technologies [edit]

c. 5000 BC : Megaliths
c. 5000 BC : Sundial

Classical Era [edit]

(3500 BC - 500 AD)

Practical Technologies [edit]

c. 3500 BC : Writing systems
c. 3000 BC : Mummification ^[21]
c. 3000 BC : Papyrus ^[22]
c. 3000 BC : Ard plough ^[22]
c. 3000 BC : Wheel ^[22]
c. 3000 BC : Glass making
c. 3000 BC : Galley
c. 3000 BC : Pottery ^[23]
c. 2800 BC : Metallurgy/Bronze forging ^[13]
c. 2700 BC : Plumbing
c. 2500 BC : Abacus
c. 2000 BC : Iron Smelting ^[13]
2nd millennium BC : Arch
c. 1700 BC : Alphabet
c. 1500 BC : Glass making ^[22]
c. 11th century BC : Steel ^[13]
c. 800 BC : Saddle
c. 710 BC : Lock ^[22]
c. 600 BC : Aqueduct ^[24]
c. 600 BC : Archimedes' screw
6th century BC : Caliper
c. 515 BC : Crane
c. 325 BC : Odometer
3rd century BC : Watermill
c. 200-300 BC : Block and tackle
c. 100-500 BC : Horseshoe
c. 100 BC : Paper
50 AD : Aeolipile ^[25]

Military Technologies [edit]

c. 3000 BC : Sword ^[26]
c. 2600 BC : Chariot ^[27]
c. 800 BC : Ram bow
8th century BC : Incendiary arrows
c. 700 BC : Polyreme ^[28]
5th century BC : Crossbow
399 BC : Catapult
359-336 BC : Pike
c. 130 BC : Stirrup ^[29]
50 BC : Scorpio

Astronomical Technologies [edit]

c. 4000 BC : Calendar ^[30]
c. 1500 BC : Water clock ^[22]
c. 1500 BC : Sundial ^[31]
c. 1100 BC : Gnomon
c. 2300 BC : Map ^[32]
c. 300 BC : Hemicycle
c. 130 BC : Orrery

Medieval Era [edit]

(500 AD - 1450 AD)

Practical Technologies [edit]

876 AD : Zero ^[33]
9th century AD : Windmill

Military Technologies [edit]

c. 672 AD : Greek fire
c. 1350 AD : Longsword
c. 1400 AD : Plate armour
c. 1500 AD : Supergun

Astronomical Technologies [edit]

1283 AD : Mechanical clock

Renaissance Era [edit]

(1450 - 1800 AD)

Practical Technologies [edit]

1656 AD : Pendulum clock

Military Technologies [edit]

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (January 2011)

Astronomical Technologies [edit]

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (January 2011)

References [edit]

^ This is the earliest possible time at which fire could have been invented [1]
^ Clothing was first worn some time between 100,000 years ago - 500,000 years ago [2]
^ Establishment of the first mining operation in history
^ The colonisation of Australia was the first verifiable usage of any form of sea transportation [3]
^ This is the earliest possible time when the first flute was created
^ The earliest speculated remains of a dog
^ This is of course discounting the use of natural plant fibers as early string. [4]
^ Earliest works of art found in Africa 30,000 years ago
^ First piece of ceramic artistry made 25,000 years ago, far earlier than the rest of the world [5]
^ Archaeologists discovered the earliest sewing needles of bone, 20,000 years ago [6]
^ J.C. Turner and P. van de Griend (ed.), The History and Science of Knots (Singapore: World Scientific, 1996),
^ ^a ^b Article on the human crafts around 8000 BC
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d History of metallurgy
^ See also: source from where this site gets the information
^ http://www.homefurnish.com/homeimprovement/plumbing/historyofirrigation.aspx
^ First woven fabrics made 6000 years ago by Egyptians
^ Article on the oldest spears found
^ Although it is believed to have been invented 40,000 years ago, evidence only points to as early as 25,000 BC [7]
^ [8]
^ Jericho was the first settlement to have artificially created walls, for the purpose of defense. Ring et al., 1994, p. 367–370.
^ The first artificially mummified head was found in the Andes
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?HistoryID=ab23&paragraphid=bzeb#bzeb
^ First potter's wheel built in Mesopotamia
^ [9]
^ A Brief History of Science edited by John Gribbin, p 12
^ Around this time daggers truly evolved into recognizable swords
^ First depictions of chariots in battle are from 2600 BC
^ Invented by the Phoenicians c. 700 BC
^ Invented some time in the late 2nd century BC
^ A crude calendar was developed by the early Egyptian peoples, it however still had a lot to improve on [10]
^ First sundial, or Shadow clock, from Ancient Egypt
^ Found on clay Babylonian tablets
^ The Science Book edited by Peter Tallack, p34

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