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| Nepenthes macfarlanei | |
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| A lower pitcher of N. macfarlanei | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Core eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Nepenthaceae |
| Genus: | Nepenthes |
| Species: | N. macfarlanei |
| Binomial name | |
| Nepenthes macfarlanei Hemsl. (1905) |
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| Synonyms | |
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Nepenthes macfarlanei (pron.: /nɨˈpɛnθiːz ˌmækfɑrˈleɪni.aɪ/; after John Muirhead Macfarlane, botanist) is a carnivorous pitcher plant species endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It produces attractive red-speckled pitchers. Lower pitchers are ovoid to cylindrical and up to 20 cm high. The lower surface of the lid is densely covered with short, white hairs. This is a characteristic morphological feature of this species, but at present its function is unknown.[2]
Natural hybrids [edit]
The following natural hybrids involving N. macfarlanei have been recorded.
- N. macfarlanei × N. ramispina[3]
- N. macfarlanei × N. sanguinea[3]
In Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia, Charles Clarke lists the natural hybrid N. gracillima × N. macfarlanei.[3] At the time of the book's publication, N. alba was considered a heterotypic synonym of N. gracillima. Since then, however, N. alba has been elevated to a species.[4] As both N. alba and N. gracillima occur on Mount Tahan, from which Clarke recorded the hybrid, it is unknown which taxon was involved in the cross.
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N. macfarlanei × N. ramispina
References [edit]
- ^ Smythies, B.E. 1965. The distribution and ecology of pitcher-plants (Nepenthes) in Sarawak. UNESCO Humid Tropics Symposium, June–July 1963, Kuching, Sarawak.
- ^ Clarke, C.M. 2002. A Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- ^ a b c Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- ^ McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
Further reading [edit]
- Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x
- Bourke, G. 2003. Exploring the Genting Highlands. PDF Carniflora Australis (2): 23–26.
- Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba (2000). Nepenthes macfarlanei. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Listed as Vulnerable (VU D2 v2.3).
- Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.
- Chua, L.S.L. 1995. Conservation studies with Nepenthes macfarlanei Hemsl. in Peninsular Malaysia. Ph.D. thesis, University of Bath, London. 200 pp.
- Chua, L.S.L. 2000. The flowering phenology and floral biology of Nepenthes macfarlanei (Nepenthaceae) from Mt. Purun, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 12(2): 197–206.
- Chua, L.S.L. 2000. The pollination biology and breeding system of Nepenthes macfarlanei (Nepenthaceae). Journal of Tropical Forest Science 12(4): 635–642.
- (Indonesian) Mansur, M. 2001. Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias. PDF In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
- McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia and Indochina. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
- Meimberg, H., P. Dittrich, G. Bringmann, J. Schlauer & G. Heubl 2000. Molecular phylogeny of Caryophyllidae s.l. based on matK sequences with special emphasis on carnivorous taxa. Plant Biology 2(2): 218–228. doi:10.1055/s-2000-9460
- Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897
- (German) Meimberg, H. 2002. Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l.. PDF Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
- Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676
- Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.023
- Renner, T. & C.D. Specht 2011. A sticky situation: assessing adaptations for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales by means of stochastic character mapping. International Journal of Plant Sciences 172(7): 889–901. doi:10.1086/660882
- Schmid-Höllinger, R. 1997. Nepenthes macfarlanei: prey found in ground pitchers. PDF (440 KiB) Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 26(2): 46–50.
- Shivas, R.G. 1983. Nepenthes of Gunung Ulu Kali. PDF (1.54 MiB) Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 12(3): 65–67.
- Shivas, R.G. 1984. Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia & Singapore. Maruzen Asia, Kuala Lumpur.
- Thorogood, C. 2010. The Malaysian Nepenthes: Evolutionary and Taxonomic Perspectives. Nova Science Publishers, New York.
- Tökés, Z.A., W.C. Woon & S.M. Chambers 1974. Digestive enzymes secreted by the carnivorous plant Nepenthes macferlanei. Planta 119(1): 39–46. doi:10.1007/BF00390820
- Nepenthes of Peninsula Malaysia by Stewart McPherson
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