| Republica de Zamboanga República de Zamboanga |
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| Unrecognized state | |||||
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| Capital | Zamboanga | ||||
| Languages | Zamboangueño Chavacano, Spanish | ||||
| Government | Republic | ||||
| President | Vicente Alvarez Isidro Midel Mariano Arquiza |
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| Historical era | Philippine-American War | ||||
| - | Established | May 18, 1899 | |||
| - | Disestablished | March 1903 | |||
The Republic of Zamboanga (Zamboangueño Chavacano and Spanish: República de Zamboanga) was a short-lived revolutionary republic, founded after the collapse of Spanish colonial rule in Zamboanga in 1899.
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The republic began on May 18, 1899, with the surrender of Real Fuerza de Nuestra Señora La Virgen del Pilar de Zaragoza[1] to the Revolutionary Government of Zamboanga under the leadership of General Vicente Alvarez. On May 23, 1899, the Spaniards finally evacuated Zamboanga, after burning down most of the city's buildings in contempt of the Zamboangueños' revolt against them.[2]
General Alvarez served as president of the new republic until November 16, 1899 when opposition leader Isidro Midel sided with the occupying American forces which led to the overthrow of Alvarez' government. Alvarez and his allies were forced to flee to the nearby town of Mercedes then to the island of Basilan and went into hiding. In December 1899, Captain Pratt of the 23rd U.S. Infantry arrived at Zamboanga and took control of Fort Pilar.[3] Thereafter, the nascent republic became a U.S. protectorate and allowed Midel to continue as president of the republic for about sixteen months.
In March 1901, the Americans allowed the republic to hold elections and elected Mariano Arquiza to succeed Midel as the new president of the Zamboanga Republic. However, Arquiza's government didn't exercise effective authority over Zamboanga and finally in March 1903, the Republic of Zamboanga was dissolved.[4] After, the American colonial government designated Zamboanga as capital of the newly established Moro Province which served as the provincial entity of Mindanao with Brigadier General Leonard Wood as its governor.
The Republic of Zamboanga during President Alvarez' term claimed its territorial rights over the islands of Mindanao, Basilan and Sulu encompassing all of the southern Philippines amidst of war against the Spanish, Americans and natives of the said islands. However, Zamboanga's actual sovereignty extended only to the current boundaries of Zamboanga City.
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